“…Indeed, the x-ray diffractions for the keggin structure show peaks in each of the four ranges of 2θ, namely 7°-10°, 16-23°, 25°-30°and 31°-38°. The reflections observed at 26.1°, 43.1°, 53.5°and 78.7°2θ for AC-CoPW (figure 2(b)) correspond to (002), (100), (004) and (110) diffractions respectively of hexagonal graphite (Zhang et al 2002, Sun et al 2005, Delidovich and Palkovits 2016. These reflections indicated that the graphitic structure of AC was preserved after oxidation treatment.…”