“…In cluster 1 (red), the central theme that emerged was the impact of ICG "ownership," "board," and "CEO" on "firm performance" and "firm value." In addition, words such as "ownership" are also connected with other words in cluster 1, such as "earnings management" (e.g., Alzoubi, 2016), "CSR" (e.g., Hossain et al, 2016), "stakeholders" (e.g., Gnan et al, 2013), "internal control" (e.g., Mitra et al, 2012), "audit committee" (e.g., Mitra et al, 2012), "quality audits" (e.g., AlQadasi & Abidin, 2018), and "government" (e.g., Said et al, 2020). This connection indicates that previous research on ownership concepts does not only focus on developing firm performance and value, which are the same cluster.…”