Impacts and Projections of Land Use and Demographic Changes on Ecosystem Services: A Case Study in the Guanzhong Region, China

Abstract

Land use change and demographic factors directly or indirectly affect ecosystem services value, and the analysis of ecosystem services contributes to optimization of land planning, which is essential for regional sustainable development. In this study, ArcGIS 10.2, IDRISI 17.0 Selva and MATLAB software, value coefficient method, CA-Markov prediction model and population growth model were applied to analyze the spatial and temporal changes of land use trends and ecosystem service values in Guanzhong region, and further predict the impacts of land type changes and population changes on ecosystem services in the context of urbanization. Results showed that the expansion of construction land was the most intense, and the transfer process mainly crowded out arable land; the total ecosystem services value grew spatially in a “low center-high periphery” ring with large differences at the bottom, and forest land was the most important value provider. The total ecosystem services value was estimated to decline in the future, with low-value areas spreading northward and differences in the per capita ecosystem services value increasing. This study provides a reference for optimal simulation of urban expansion and ecological conservation.

Spatially Heterogeneity Response of Critical Ecosystem Service Capacity to Address Regional Development Risks to Rapid Urbanization: The Case of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration in China

“…Therefore, in this study, three indicators widely applied to measure the level of urbanization, namely, population growth, gross domestic product, and built-up area ratio, were selected to characterize the level of urbanization in the BTH and explore their relationship with Ess [54][55][56]. Among these indicators, the population density (POPD, person/km 2 ) was considered to reflect population urbanization, the GDP density (GDPD, CNY/km 2 ) was employed to describe economic urbanization, and the built-up area ratio (CLP, %) was applied to indicate spatial urbanization [57,58]. It is the fixed energy or organic matter produced per unit area and unit time remaining after green plant respiration…”

Driving Mechanisms of Spatial Differentiation in Ecosystem Service Value in Opencast Coal Mines in Arid Areas: A Case Study in the Zhundong Economic and Technological Development Zone

“…Scholars such as Xie Gaodi generated ESV coefficients at the national scale in China based on local ecological characteristics and divided mainland China into six ecosystems and nine service types based on the method by Costanza et al [32]. Chinese scholars have widely utilized this correction factor to estimate ESV [33][34][35]. Recently, scholars have explored the importance of ecosystem services (ESs) in coal mining regions.…”

Analysis of temporal variation characteristics in water resources in typical ecosystems of the Genhe River Basin

“…In addition, water resources in the Genhe River Basin are also affected by climate change and human activities, which may lead to changes in water quantity and quality, affecting the balance between supply and demand of water resources within and outside the basin and water ecological security (Vörösmarty and Sahagian, 2000;Foley et al, 2005;Foley et al, 2011). It can also identify the vulnerability and adaptability of water resources and provide a supportive basis for the optimal allocation of water resources and risk prevention (Chase et al, 2000;Lambin and Geist, 2008;Chen et al, 2022). Therefore, based on the SWAT model, this study analyzed the water cycling parameters of different ecosystems in the Genhe River Basin, and analyzed their relationship with land use change and human activities, revealing the water reclassification process of different ecosystems in the Genhe River Basin.…”