Impacto de las olas de calor en vacas lecheras en Salto (Uruguay)

Saravia, Celmira; Astigarraga, Laura; Lier, E. van; Bentancur, O.

doi:10.31285/agro.15.615

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In conditions of high temperature and humidity, the amount of food consumed through bitesize and the frequency and duration of grazing time may decrease (Rovira 2002). Thermal stress affects the homeostatic balance by distributing part of the energy obtained from food to body temperature maintenance; the shade and shelter allow improving comfort conditions and reducing maintenance energy loss (Saravia et al 2011b). The season of the year is a variation source in the inclination and duration of solar radiation received by the forage cover and the tree canopy affecting the photosynthetically active radiation received (Duursma and Mäkelä 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Silvopastoral Systems: A Simulation Model Approach

Varela,

Bussoni,

Dieguez

2024

Preprint

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Silvopastoral systems (SPS) can be analyzed as the differential evolution of forage, forest biomass, and livestock production that takes place under the canopy, in a temporal trajectory. SPS integrate cycles such as annual forage production, cattle fattening and medium to long-term forest development. The components’ interactions vary according to spatial arrangement, forest specie, animal category and stocking rate. Despite the importance, there is a lack of adapted tools that allow simulate them over a period, combining pasture-based meat and wood production. This research develops a computer tool called SimForGan, which is used for simulating forage and wood production, safe stocking rates, and economic performance in livestock and forestry systems. The tool is written in the .Net programming language and supports different database managers. It has been verified against a case study and other independent models for livestock and forestry. It considers environmental factors such as seasonal variations, thermal stress and solar radiation, which interact with the system components. The model allows projecting the forage intake and forage balance, considering the forest component and its effect on cattle. The system generates two main results, wood and meat production, influenced by the interactions between various components. This study allows us to elucidate the evolution of productive and economic variables over time, which can help decision-makers to plan Silvopastoral Systems at cattle ranchs. This archetype is also a conceptual representation of a generic Silvopastoral System, serving as a tool for the planning of medium and long time projections of these kinds of systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Silvopastoral Systems: A Simulation Model Approach

Varela,

Bussoni,

Dieguez

2024

Preprint

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“…Contrary to our original hypothesis, we did not find any differences in the milk FAPs between both the mixed systems during the summer (ML2). Several studies have reported that heat stress in summer affects milk production, yield, and fat content, as well as milk fatty acid profiles [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 33 , 71 , 72 ]. Therefore, it was expected that, during summer, the OD-GRZ cows, being more exposed to the environment during confinement, would present a greater heat stress, resulting in a negative impact on their milk quality and FAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Conditions during Confinement in Pasture-Based Systems and Feeding Systems Affect the Fatty Acid Profile in the Milk and Cheese of Holstein Dairy Cows

Grille

Escobar

Méndez

et al. 2023

Animals

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The diet of dairy cows influences the fatty acid (FA) profiles of their milk and cheese, but how these are affected by different conditions during confinement in a mixed system (MS:grazing + total mixed ration:TMR) is not known. The aim of this study was to compare the FAs of the milk and cheese from MS in a compost-bedded pack barns (CB-GRZ) versus an outdoor soil-bedded pen (OD-GRZ) during confinement, and with a confinement system (100%TMR) in a compost-bedded pack barns (CB-TMR). Individual milk samples (n = 12 cows/group), cheese, and pooled milk (MilkP) samples were collected. The saturated FA percentages in the milk and the omega 6/omega 3 ratio in the MilkP and cheese were greater for the CB-TMR (p < 0.0001), while the unsaturated and monounsaturated FA percentages in the milk were lower for the CB-TMR than the MS (p < 0.001). The milk n-3, C18:3, and conjugated linoleic acid percentages were lower for the CB-TMR than the MS (p < 0.001). The milk n-3 and C18:3 were higher for the CB-GRZ than the OD-GRZ (p < 0.01), but no differences were observed between the MS in the MilkP and cheese. In conclusion, CB-GRZ cows during confinement produced better quality milk compared to OD-GRZ cows. However, the FA profiles of the milk, MilkP, and cheese were affected to a greater extent by the feeding management than by the conditions during confinement.

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“…It was considered a mild heat wave when 2 of the 3 following criteria occurred at least 3 days in a row: daily THI average > 72, maximum daily temperature was >32 °C and/or minimum daily temperature was >23 °C. When all three conditions oc-curred simultaneously, it was considered a severe heat wave [ 30 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Autumn and Spring Calving Holstein Dairy Cows with Different Levels of Environmental Exposure and Feeding Strategies

Méndez

Grille

Mendina

et al. 2023

Animals

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Environmental exposure during confinement and feeding strategy affects cow behavior, nutrient utilization, and performance. Milk production and composition, body condition score, non-esterified fatty acids, and beta-hydroxybutyrate were determined during a full lactation in cows submitted to (a) grazing + partial confinement in outdoor soil-bedded pens with shade structures (OD-GRZ); (b) grazing + partial confinement in a compost-bedded pack barn with cooling capacity (CB-GRZ); or (c) total confinement (same facilities as CB-GRZ) and fed TMR ad libitum (CB-TMR). Autumn (ACS) and spring (SCS) calving season cows were used for each treatment, except for CB-TMR (only SCS). In ACS, treatments did not differ in any variable, possibly due to mild weather. In SCS, milk production was higher in CB-TMR than CB-GRZ, which in turn produced more milk than OD-GRZ. Differences coincided with heat waves and/or heavy rains (similar grazing conditions and mixed ration DM intake). Milk fat, protein and lactose yield, protein content, and BCS were higher in CB-TMR, without differences between CB-GRZ and OD-GRZ. Cows in OD-GRZ had impaired energy metabolism. Under moderately unfavorable environmental conditions (ACS), when well-managed, OD-GRZ systems could equate to the productive response of CB-GRZ. However, in worse climatic conditions (SCS), performance could be compromised, especially when compared to TMR systems.

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Impacto de las olas de calor en vacas lecheras en Salto (Uruguay)

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Designing Silvopastoral Systems: A Simulation Model Approach

Designing Silvopastoral Systems: A Simulation Model Approach

Different Conditions during Confinement in Pasture-Based Systems and Feeding Systems Affect the Fatty Acid Profile in the Milk and Cheese of Holstein Dairy Cows

Performance of Autumn and Spring Calving Holstein Dairy Cows with Different Levels of Environmental Exposure and Feeding Strategies

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