Impacto de la Caries en la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud Oral de Adolescentes: Revisión Sistemática y Metaanálisis

Abstract

Impacto de la caries en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral de adolescentes: Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis. Int. J. Odontostomat., 13(2):219-229, 2019. RESUMEN:Las caries constituye un importante problema de salud pública, dada su alta prevalencia y consecuencias en la calidad de vida de los adolescentes. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática y metaanálisis es evaluar el impacto de las caries dental en la calidad de vida relacionada con salud oral (CVRSO) en adolescentes. Se efectuó una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos de MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, ScieLo y Lilacs. Se incluyeron estudios primarios publicados en inglés, español y portugués, que evalúen CVRSO en adolescentes con caries usando instrumentos validados. Dos investigadores de manera independiente realizaron el proceso de selección y extracción de datos. La herramienta Effective Public Health Practice Project fue usada para evaluar el riesgo de sesgo de los estudios incorporados. Se usaron modelos de efectos aleatorios para estimar el efecto combinado para datos continuos y categóricos. La búsqueda combinada identificó 1.152 artículos, de los cuales 29 estudios (34 artículos) cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Veintiocho estudios tenían un diseño de corte transversal y solo uno era de cohorte. El riesgo de sesgo fue clasificado en la mayoría de los casos como débil (18/29). Los pacientes con caries presentaban significativamente más probabilidades de reportar un compromiso de la CVRSO que los controles (OR=2,50, 95 % IC: 1,26). Los dominios más afectados fueron el funcional (Diferencia de medias (MD)= 0,74, 95 % IC: 0,27-1,20) y el psicológico (MD=0,73, 95 %IC:0,21-1,26). Esta revisión proporciona evidencia de que las caries tienen un impacto negativo en la CVRSO de los adolescentes.PALABRAS CLAVE: caries dental, calidad de vida, adolescentes.

Impact of oral diseases on oral health-related quality of life: A systematic review of studies conducted in Latin America and the Caribbean

“…Some negative associations between the presence of tooth decay and OHRQoL [ 16 – 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 28 , 30 – 37 , 42 , 43 , 45 , 47 – 50 , 52 , 54 , 55 ] were identified in 27 of 30 studies included. These results have been reported in previous systematic reviews evaluating pre-school children and adolescents, in which this association was also considered as negative [ 7 , 59 ]. This finding is of interest in LAC, as it is one of the regions worldwide with the highest prevalence and incidences of untreated tooth decay in deciduous and permanent teeth [ 3 ].…”

“…On the other hand, some studies published as grey literature or in thematic and regional bibliographic databases that were not considered in the search for this systematic review may not have been included. Nonetheless, this is one of the first systematic reviews to assess the impact of oral diseases on OHRQoL in the context of LAC, which, in similar previously published systematic reviews, has had little representativeness [ 7 – 9 , 58 , 64 ]. In addition, an extensive systematic search for information was conducted in five databases, including LILACS, which houses much of the peer-reviewed research in LAC, in order to achieve maximum representativeness of studies on the subject from countries in the region.…”

“…Therefore, an adaptation of this measures to other contexts in the region is important so as not to leave other countries behind. On the other hand, in previous systematic reviews assessing the impact of oral diseases on general quality of life and OHRQoL globally, the representativeness of LAC countries is very low [7][8][9]59], except for Brazil, demonstrating the lack of research in the area of oral health in this region.…”

“…The complexity of measuring this construct in the different population groups created the need to develop specific instruments for its measurement and evaluation worldwide in order to determine how it is affected by the presence of oral diseases. Thus, systematic reviews have now been published assessing the impact of oral diseases on OHRQoL; however, these are limited to the study of certain pathologies such as: tooth decay [ 7 ], dental trauma injuries (TDI) [ 8 ] and malocclusion [ 9 ] mainly in minors. Therefore there is an underrepresentation of this type of studies in other oral pathologies such as periodontal diseases, temporomandibular dysfunctions, pathologies of the salivary glands, cleft lip and palate, and edentulism, as well as in the population of adults and older adults.…”

Economic evaluations in water-fluoridation: a scoping review

“…In primary dentition, dental caries is the 10th most prevalent condition, affecting 7.8% of the population, that is, 573 million children worldwide [1]. The health consequences of dental caries are serious and this disease can also greatly affect the quality of life of those who suffer from it [2].…”