Impact Response Comparison Between Parametric Human Models and Postmortem Human Subjects with a Wide Range of Obesity Levels

Zhang, Kai; Cao, Libo; Wang, Yulong; Hwang, Eun Ju; Reed, Matthew P.; Forman, Jason; Hu, Jingwen

doi:10.1002/oby.21947

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…It is recommended to use a modern seat belt system with shoulder and waist restraint that can effectively reduce body rotation. 55 Overall BMI and obesity were reported separately, that was the main limitation of the present study. The next constraint was to consider mortality in general and not to separate pre-hospital from the hospital deaths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The presence of adipose tissue in the abdomen of the obese persons displaces seat belt from its normal position and increases the severity of the injury. 55 A study with consistent results showed that the compound fractures of the radius bone were higher with any increase in BMI. In spite of this fact, these individuals experienced less inability than normal weight persons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…54 These two issues make them more susceptible to more serious injuries. 55 The automotive industry must provide the fully intelligent safety equipment for passengers in all weight groups. 56 The obese people have increased risk in airway management in a pre-hospital setting due to the anatomical change of the airway, neck shortness, limitation in cervical extension, and fatty layer in the pharynx wall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The relationship between weight indices and injuries and mortalities caused by the motor vehicle accidents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rad

Khodadady-Hasankiadeh

Kouchakinejad–Eramsadati

et al. 2019

J Inj Violence Res

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Background:The relationship between weight indices and injuries and mortality in motor vehicle accidents is unknown. Systematic review studies addressing the collection and analysis of the relationship in investigations are very limited. The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the relationship between BMI, obesity and overweight with mortality and injuries and their severity and vulnerable organs after the motor vehicle accident. Methods:The databases (MEDLINE/PUBMED, EMBASE, Web of Science, etc) were searched for relevant abstracts using certain keywords. Of all the articles, similar ones were removed considering different filters. The collected data were entered into the STATA SE v 13.1. The heterogeneity of the data was analyzed using i2 statistics. In addition, the estimates of the study were done based on the age group (children and adults) and the impact of obesity on different regions of the body.Results: A direct relationship was observed between the overall BMI and the degrees of injuries (CI=0.503-1.139), and mortality due to motor vehicle accident (CI=1.267-1.471). A positive relationship was found between obesity and AIS+2 (CI=0.653-1.426), and AIS+3 (CI=1.184-1.741), and ISS (CI=1.086-1.589). Also, a negative relationship between overweight and injuries rates, and a direct relationship between overweight and mortality (CI=0.979-1.167), and injuries with index of AIS+2 (CI=1.178-0.768) and AIS+3 (CI=0.48-2.186) were found. Conclusions: The prediction of injury, mortality and severity of injuries in the motor vehicle accident by the variable of obesity and overweight determines the need to design prevention programs for this vulnerable group at all levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The relationship between weight indices and injuries and mortalities caused by the motor vehicle accidents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rad

Khodadady-Hasankiadeh

Kouchakinejad–Eramsadati

et al. 2019

J Inj Violence Res

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“…Specifically, the parametric human modeling results show that body mass scaling does not appropriately account for variations in response due to body shape. To replace these outdated methods, we have presented preliminary results of subject-specific model validation, in which the human model was morphed into the geometry of specific cadavers Zhang, Cao, Wang, et al 2017). The morphed human models generally produce results with accuracy similar to that of the baseline model, but the biofidelity of the morphed human models certainly requires further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach has been applied to morph the THUMS v4 midsize male model into occupants with a wide range of stature and BMI (Hwang, Hallman, et al 2016;Shi et al 2015). The impact responses of those models were compared to cadaver tests through subject-specific validations Zhang, Cao, Wang, et al 2017). The same approach has also been applied to morph the GHBMC midsize male model into 100 human models with a wide range of age, stature, and BMI for both men and women (Zhang, Ca, Fanta, et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal crash simulations using parametric human models representing a diverse population

Zhang

Reed

et al. 2019

Traffic Injury Prevention

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Objective: Analyses of crash data have shown that older, obese, and/or female occupants have a higher risk of injury in frontal crashes compared to the rest of the population. The objective of this study was to use parametric finite element (FE) human models to assess the increased injury risks and identify safety concerns for these vulnerable populations. Methods: We sampled 100 occupants based on age, sex, stature, and body mass index (BMI) to span a wide range of the U.S. adult population. The target anatomical geometry for each of the 100 models was predicted by the statistical geometry models for the rib cage, pelvis, femur, tibia, and external body surface developed previously. A regional landmark-based mesh morphing method was used to morph the Global Human Body Models Consortium (GHBMC) M50-OS model into the target geometries. The morphed human models were then positioned in a validated generic vehicle driver compartment model using a statistical driving posture model. Frontal crash simulations based on U.S. New Car Assessment Program (U.S. NCAP) were conducted. Body region injury risks were calculated based on the risk curves used in the US NCAP, except that scaling was used for the neck, chest, and knee-thigh-hip injury risk curves based on the sizes of the bony structures in the corresponding body regions. Age effects were also considered for predicting chest injury risk. Results: The simulations demonstrated that driver stature and body shape affect occupant interactions with the restraints and consequently affect occupant kinematics and injury risks in severe frontal crashes. U-shaped relations between occupant stature/weight and head injury risk were observed. Chest injury risk was strongly affected by age and sex, with older female occupants having the highest risk. A strong correlation was also observed between BMI and knee-thigh-hip injury risk, whereas none of the occupant parameters meaningfully affected neck injury risks.Conclusions: This study is the first to use a large set of diverse FE human models to investigate the combined effects of age, sex, stature, and BMI on injury risks in frontal crashes. The study demonstrated that parametric human models can effectively predict the injury trends for the population and may now be used to optimize restraint systems for people who are not similar in size and shape to the available anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs). New restraints that adapt to occupant age, sex, stature, and body shape may improve crash safety for all occupants. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Development and Application of Digital Human Models in the Field of Vehicle Collisions: A Review

Wang

Lou²,

et al. 2021

Ann Biomed Eng

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Impact Response Comparison Between Parametric Human Models and Postmortem Human Subjects with a Wide Range of Obesity Levels

Abstract: The parametric human models have the capability to account for the obesity effects on the occupant impact responses and injury risks.

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

The relationship between weight indices and injuries and mortalities caused by the motor vehicle accidents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The relationship between weight indices and injuries and mortalities caused by the motor vehicle accidents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontal crash simulations using parametric human models representing a diverse population

Development and Application of Digital Human Models in the Field of Vehicle Collisions: A Review

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