“…Exploring the topic of exhaust temperature increase, many studies have undertaken concerns on aftertreatment performance improvement via T 4 and its penalty on engine fuel economy. D'Ambrosio et al [21] designed an intake and exhaust manifold integrated in the cylinder head in order to improve the low-frequency thermal fatigue resistance on the cylinder head. This investigation resulted on a faster aftertreatment warm-up, been able to maintain the same BSFC.…”