Impact on colorectal cancer mortality of screening programmes based on the faecal immunochemical test

Abstract

FIT-based screening programmes were associated with a significant reduction in CRC mortality. This effect took place much earlier than reported by gFOBT-based trials and observational studies.

Impact of Screening Program on Incidence of Colorectal Cancer: A Cohort Study in Italy

“…Th e absence of incidence reduction in the ages excluded from screening, the results of the age and period model, and the shape of the two cumulative curves confi rm that the incidence reduction was linked to the screening program implementation. Th e mortality reduction was also consistent with previous studies on g-FOBT (2)(3)(4)(5)(30)(31)(32) and in particular on FIT screening ( 16 ). We also observed a marked diff erence between the mortality reduction observed in the screening target age and the modest non-signifi cant reduction observed in the older ages outside of the screening target.…”

“…Th ere are no trials comparing FIT with no screening or with Guaiac with mortality or incidence as endpoint. Nevertheless, a large observational study confi rmed the expected reduction in mortality ( 16 ).…”

Long-Term Impact of the Dutch Colorectal Cancer Screening Program on Cancer Incidence and Mortality—Model-Based Exploration of the Serrated Pathway

“…Considering that we evaluated more screening rounds and assessed a screening test that is more sensitive than gFOBT (44), it can be expected that the current study predicts an even higher reduction in colorectal cancer mortality. Moreover, the Italian FIT screening program led to a 22% reduction in colorectal cancer mortality after 10 years of screening (45), which is comparable with the 23% to 26% reduction predicted by the ASCCA model. Also the MIcrosimulation SCreening ANalysis (MISCAN) model has evaluated the long-term effect of FIT screening (5,46).…”

Luminally expressed gastrointestinal biomarkers

“…The use of FOBT has been shown to increase early detection of CRC and improve survival [57], [60], [61]. A Cochrane review in 2008 [61] concluded that FOBT reduced the relative risk of mortality from CRC by 16%, with risk reduction increased to 25% when results were adjusted for screening attendance.…”