Impact on clinical outcomes and health costs of deranged potassium levels in patients with chronic cardiovascular, metabolic, and renal conditions

Hyperkalaemia management and related costs in chronic kidney disease patients with comorbidities in Spain

“…This finding clearly points out that the effective management of HK remains an unmet need. This fact may put this population at the highest risk of morbimortality, and it is associated with increased health expenditures, as we observed in our study and previously reported by others [ 4 , 27 ]. In our study, moderate and severe HK entailed 3.5 and 8.7 times more risk for hospitalization compared with mild HK and was associated with an overall annual cost of €6993 and €12 705 per patient, respectively, and a significant part of it directly related to HK complications.…”

“…In fact, HK is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality [ 3 ]. The prevalence of HK varies between 2.7% and 39%, being more prevalent in patients with comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes mellitus or heart failure (HF) [ 4–8 ]. A study conducted in Spain in patients with chronic cardiovascular, metabolic and renal conditions reported a prevalence of HK of 2.7% [ 4 ].…”

“…The prevalence of HK varies between 2.7% and 39%, being more prevalent in patients with comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes mellitus or heart failure (HF) [ 4–8 ]. A study conducted in Spain in patients with chronic cardiovascular, metabolic and renal conditions reported a prevalence of HK of 2.7% [ 4 ]. The NEFRONA study in CKD patients reported an HK prevalence of 5.1 to 11.6% [ 9 ]; similarly, Crespo-Leiro et al [ 8 ] observed rates in HF patients between 4.3% and 8.2%.…”

Hiperpotasemia Crónica: Impacto asistencial y económico en España

“…Cabe destacar que en los pacientes con hiperpotasemia, el riesgo de mortalidad por cualquier causa presenta un incremento de entre un 31% y un 68% respecto de los pacientes con normopotasemia (12) . De este modo, cuanto más se alejan los niveles de potasio de la normalidad, mayor es el riesgo de mortalidad (Figura 4) (13) .…”

“…En otro estudio español recientemente publicado de 36.269 pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares, metabólicas y renales crónicas, se observó que la hiperpotasemia se asocia con una mayor tasa de hospitalización, urgencias y visitas hospitalarias de hasta el 14%, 10% y 52% respectivamente, así como con una mayor probabilidad de encontrarse entre los más costosos para el Sistema nacional de Salud. (12) La hiperpotasemia se asocia a una mayor tasa de: L a hiperpotasemia tiene consecuencias clínicas y económicas, que incluyen el aumento de visitas a urgencias, hospitalizaciones y muertes. En 2019, considerando el número de hospitalizaciones por hiperpotasemia como diagnóstico principal (n=2.225) y una estancia media de 5,73 días, el coste medio por hospitalización fue de 3.583,59€.…”