Impact on cardiometabolic risk of a weight loss intervention with higher protein from lean red meat: Combined results of 2 randomized controlled trials in obese middle-aged and older adults

Abstract

and 175.0 meters), and fasting plasma glucose (27.5 and 26.2 mg/dL), respectively. At endpoint, protein group had significantly (P # .05) lower triglycerides (217.3 mg/dL), large very-low-density lipoprotein particle concentration (VLDL-P; 21.2 nmol/L), total low-density lipoprotein particle concentration (LDL-P; 267.8 nmol/L), small LDL-P (259.4 nmol/L) and lipoprotein insulin resistance index (25.9), whereas control group had significantly (P # .05) lower GlycA (213.1 mmol/L), total VLDL-P (27.9 nmol/L), and small VLDL-P (27.0 nmol/L). Differences between groups were observed for small VLDL-P (P 5 .02) and protein intake (P , .0001). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that a hypocaloric diet with either traditional (0.8 g/kg BW/ d) or higher protein (1.2 g/kg BW/d; predominantly from lean red meat) content improves risk markers of cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes in obese middle-aged and older adults. Both diets were also associated with improved physical function, and neither had an adverse impact on cardiometabolic outcomes.

Association of Dietary Protein Sources and Their Adequacy, Body Composition and Risk of Sarcopenic Obesity in South Korean Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…However, it was also shown that the consumption of poultry and eggs and fish was negatively related to ASM (%) but not beans and tofu in the normal group who had an excess protein diet. Contrariwise, it was reported that a hypocaloric diet (500 kcal deficit) with either normal (0.8 g/kg/d) or higher protein (1.2 g/kg/d; predominantly from lean red meat) improves cardiometabolic outcomes and insulin resistance in obese adults in another study [44]. Based on these results, it could be assumed that the dietary protein sources and adequacy might be problematic dietary risk factors according to individual body composition and weight statuses.…”

Low-density lipoprotein particles in atherosclerosis

“…These methods include LDL-P, ApoB, ApoA-I, lipoprotein (a), HDL particles, and cardiac risk assessment, which may provide deeper insights into the residual risk of patients with CVD ( Ajala et al, 2020 ; Siddiqui et al, 2020 ). Furthermore, these companies provide methods for NMR analysis, such as the Lipo-Profile-3 algorithm (LabCorp) ( Porter Starr et al, 2019 ; Lo et al, 2022 ). It is thought that these values may more accurately reflect heart disease risk in certain people.…”

The Effect of Dietary Interventions on Hypertriglyceridemia: From Public Health to Molecular Nutrition Evidence

“…The meal plan 1 was 15% protein, 30% fat, 55% carbohydrate, and 0.8 g/kg protein per day; meal plan 2 was 30% protein, 30% fat, 40% carbohydrate, and 1.2 g/kg protein per day. However, both groups had their calories restricted to 500 kcal and both groups decreased their total levels of TG, but the group with the hyperproteic diet showed a greater decrease (−17.3 ± 50.2 mg/dL (0.2 ± 0.57 mmol/L) vs. 11.5 ± 34.7 (0.13 ± 0.39 mmol/L)), with respect to meal plan 1 (0.8 g/kg protein) [ 43 ]. In addition, Mateo-Gallego and collaborators in 2017 conducted an RCT in obese women to compare three calorie-restricted diets with different protein percentages ( Table 1 ).…”