Impact of Zn Nanoparticles Synthesized via Green and Chemical Approach on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Growth under Salt Stress

Abstract

The study investigated the green and chemical approaches for the preparation of Zn nanoparticles and their effect on the growth of okra plants under saline conditions. The leaf extract of Sorghum bicolor L. was used for the green synthesis of zinc nanoparticles (Zn-GNPs). Zinc nanoparticles (Zn-NPs) were also produced by the co-precipitation method (Zn-CNPs). The synthesized NPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and were applied foliarly in the range of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% on okra plants. A marked increase in the shoot and root fresh and dry weight (g) and chlorophyll contents were observed under normal and saline conditions. An increase in antioxidant activity was observed under saline conditions. However, the foliar application of 0.3% Zn-GNPs was helpful in the regulation of the antioxidant defense system under a saline environment. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the use of Zn-GNPs is the most promising eco-friendly approach in mitigating salinity stress.

Effect of zinc nanoparticles seed priming and foliar application on the growth and physio-biochemical indices of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under salt stress

“…However, external use of ZnNPs enhanced the growth of spinach plants as shown in Fig 1 . Similarly, ZnNPs induced growth improvement was reported in Abelmoschus esculentus [ 40 ]. The analysis of data exhibited that salinity stress reduced the chlorophyll content of spinach plants.…”

“…Under saline stress, ZnNPs helped to sustain SOD, POD, and CAT values. Plants antioxidant defense mechanism is activated by ZnNPs, which reduces oxidative stress damage [ 40 ]. H 2 O 2 contents were also recorded highest under saline conditions as reported by Yusefi-Tanha et al [ 52 ].…”

Effect of Biosynthesized Zn and Se Nanoparticles on the Productivity and Active Constituents of Garlic Subjected to Saline Stress

“…The small vibrational peaks 1372 to 1248 cm −1 corresponds to the bending (C-H, C-N, O-H, C-X and C-N-C) stretches attributed to alkanes, amines and carboxylic groups. However, these functional groups are confirms the involvement of different reducing and stabilizing agents in the synthesis of Se NPs (Kannan et al, 2014;Pal et al, 2018 andZafar et al, 2021). The infrared spectrum identified the major components present in organic materials.…”

Agri-Nanotechnology and Tree Nanobionics: Augmentation in Crop Yield, Biosafety, and Biomass Accumulation

“…NPs are also being synthesized using processes like alloys of bimetal, metal oxides, and noble metals. Green synthesis is usually preferred due to the easy availability of plants and their non-toxic and eco-friendly nature ( Zafar et al, 2021 ).…”

“…Similarly, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) is employed for the determination of arrangements of atoms and their local structures, such as lattice vacancies, screw axes, lattice fringe, defects, glide plane, and the arrangement of the surface atomic structures ( Benelmekki, 2015 ). A 2D image with spatial variations can be obtained with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in which the data for the selected areas of the surface of the NMs can be collected ( Zafar et al, 2021 ). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to capture 3D pictures for quantitative measurement of NMs both in liquid and gas phases to measure volume, width, height, and length, along with the surface texture and morphology at the submicron level with inbuilt image processor software ( Figure 5 ) ( Vahabi et al, 2013 ).…”