Impact of wood combustion on particle levels in a residential area in Denmark

Glasius, Marianne; Ketzel, Matthias; Wåhlin, Peter; Jensen, Bente Thoft; Mønster, Jacob; Berkowicz, Ruwim; Palmgren, Finn

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.06.047

Cited by 133 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…More than 20 years ago, the pioneering study of Currie et al (1986) found that residential wood combustion accounted for on average 65% of carbon in fine aerosol at the town of Elverum 120 km north of Oslo during wintertime. Several recent studies have confirmed the dominance of wood combustion in wintertime for many areas (Yttri et al, 2005Glasius et al, 2006;Hedberg et al, 2006;Hellén et al, 2008a;Saarikoski et al, 2008), although recent results from Gothenburg in Southern Sweden showed a lower wood-burning signal (Szidat et al, 2009). Very few summertime data are available, but Szidat et al (2009) also found that Gothenburg showed a similar OC composition to that found for Zürich.…”

Section: C Analysis and Associated Ec/oc Tracer Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The formation, properties and impact of secondary organic aerosol: current and emerging issues

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) accounts for a significant fraction of ambient tropospheric aerosol and a detailed knowledge of the formation, properties and transformation of SOA is therefore required to evaluate its impact on atmospheric processes, climate and human health. The chemical and physical processes associated with SOA formation are complex and varied, and, despite considerable progress in recent years, a quantitative and predictive understanding of SOA formation does not exist and therefore represents a major research challenge in atmospheric science. This review begins with an update on the current state of knowledge on the global SOA budget and is followed by an overview of the atmospheric degradation mechanisms for SOA precursors, gas-particle partitioning theory and the analytical techniques used to determine the chemical composition of SOA. A survey of recent laboratory, field and modeling studies is also presented. The following topical and emerging issues are highlighted and discussed in detail: molecular characterization of biogenic SOA constituents, condensed phase reactions and oligomerization, the interaction of atmospheric organic components with sulfuric acid, the chemical and photochemical processing of organics in the atmospheric aqueous phase, aerosol formation from real plant emissions, interaction of atmospheric organic components with water, thermodynamics and mixtures in atmospheric models. Finally, the major challenges ahead in laboratory, field and modeling studies of SOA are discussed and recommendations for future research directions are proposed.

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Section: C Analysis and Associated Ec/oc Tracer Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The formation, properties and impact of secondary organic aerosol: current and emerging issues

et al. 2009

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“…Zappoli et al (1999); Ricard et al (2002) and Yttri et al (2007a) all presented concentrations observed at rural background sites, while the studies by Viidanoja et al (2002), Sillanpää et al (2005), Glasius et al (2006) and Saarikoski et al (2007) reported observation from the urban environment. Of these studies, only three accounted for the positive sampling artefacts of OC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Carbonaceous aerosols in Norwegian urban areas

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Little is known regarding levels and source strength of carbonaceous aerosols in Scandinavia. In the present study, ambient aerosol (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ) concentrations of elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), waterinsoluble organic carbon (WINSOC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) are reported for a curbside site, an urban background site, and a suburban site in Norway in order to investigate their spatial and seasonal variations. Aerosol filter samples were collected using tandem filter sampling to correct for the positive sampling artefact introduced by volatile and semivolatile OC. Analyses were performed using the thermal optical transmission (TOT) instrument from Sunset Lab Inc., which corrects for charring during analysis. Finally, we estimated the relative contribution of OC from wood burning based on the samples content of levoglucosan.Levels of EC varied by more than one order of magnitude between sites, likely due to the higher impact of vehicular traffic at the curbside and the urban background sites. In winter, the level of particulate organic carbon (OC p ) at the suburban site was equal to (for PM 10 ) or even higher (for PM 2.5 ) than the levels observed at the curbside and the urban background sites. This finding was attributed to the impact of residential wood burning at the suburban site in winter, which was confirmed by a high mean concentration of levoglucosan (407 ng m −3 ). This finding indicates that exposure to primary combustion derived OC p could be equally high in residential areas as in a city center. It is demonstrated that OC p from wood burning (OC wood ) accounted for almost all OC p at the suburban site in winter, allowing a new estimate of the ratio TC p /levoglucosan for both PM 10 and PM 2.5 . Particulate carbonaceous material (PCM=Organic matter+Elemental matter) accounted for 46-83% of PM 10 at the sites studied, thus being the major fraction.

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“…Tunved et al (2006) also observed substantial gas-to-particle conversion in air masses undergoing marine to continental transition which was interpreted to be due to biogenic VOC emissions and subsequent SOA formation over the boreal forest in northern Europe. During winter, residential wood burning is a significant particulate emission source in northern Europe (Glasius et al, 2006;Frey et al, 2006). When the polluted air masses are influenced by biomass burning, such as smallscale combustion or wild land fires, very high levoglucosan mass concentrations are measured (Zdráhal et al, 2002;Sillanpää et al, 2005b;Yttri et al, 2005;Jordan et al, 2006;Saarikoski et al, 2007).…”

Section: Wsoc Source Apportionment 351 Different Sources and Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Size distributions, sources and source areas of water-soluble organic carbon in urban background air

et al. 2008

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Abstract. This paper represents the results of one year long measurement period of the size distributions of watersoluble organic carbon (WSOC), inorganic ions and gravimetric mass of particulate matter. Measurements were done at an urban background station (SMEAR III) by using a micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI). The site is located in northern European boreal region in Helsinki, Finland. The WSOC size distribution measurements were completed with the chemical analysis of inorganic ions, organic carbon (OC) and monosaccharide anhydrides from the filter samples (particle aerodynamic diameter smaller than 1 µm, PM 1 ). Gravimetric mass concentration varied during the MOUDI samplings between 3.4 and 55.0 µg m −3 and the WSOC concentrations were between 0.3 and 7.4 µg m −3 . On average, water-soluble particulate organic matter (WSPOM, WSOC multiplied by 1.6 to convert the analyzed carbon mass to organic matter mass) comprised 25±7.7% and 7.5±3.4% of aerosol PM 1 mass and the PM 1−10 mass, respectively. Inorganic ions contributed 33±12% and 28±19% of the analyzed PM 1 and PM 1−10 aerosol mass.Five different aerosol categories corresponding to different sources or source areas were identified (long-range transport aerosols, biomass burning aerosols from wild land fires and from small-scale wood combustion, aerosols originating from marine areas and from the clean arctic areas). Categories were identified mainly using levoglucosan concentration level for wood combustion and air mass backward Correspondence to: S. Saarikoski (sanna.saarikoski@fmi.fi) trajectories for other groups. Clear differences in WSOC concentrations and size distributions originating from different sources or source areas were observed, although there are also many other factors which might affect the results. E.g. the local conditions and sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and aerosols as well as various transformation processes are likely to have an impact on the measured aerosol composition. Using the source categories, it was identified that especially the oxidation products of biogenic VOCs in summer had a clear effect on WSOC concentrations.

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Impact of wood combustion on particle levels in a residential area in Denmark

Cited by 133 publications

References 15 publications

The formation, properties and impact of secondary organic aerosol: current and emerging issues

The formation, properties and impact of secondary organic aerosol: current and emerging issues

Carbonaceous aerosols in Norwegian urban areas

Size distributions, sources and source areas of water-soluble organic carbon in urban background air

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