Impact of water quality on the bacterial populations and off-flavours in recirculating aquaculture systems

Auffret, Marc; Yergeau, Étienne; Pilote, Alexandre; Proulx, Émilie; Proulx, Daniel; Greer, Charles W.; Vandenberg, Grant W.; Villemur, Richard

doi:10.1111/1574-6941.12053

Cited by 54 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In our previous study, we reported that the detected Streptomyces, Myxococcales, Sorangium and Nannocystis coincided with the detection of geosmin in trout raised in RAS (Auffret et al 2011(Auffret et al , 2013, and there was a positive correlation between Nannocystis in the fish tank and the detection of geosmin in fish tissue. Auffret et al (2013) also speculated that P could be associated with the abundance of Sorangium and the geosmin-synthesis gene that could enhance the geosmin production in RAS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Reducing geosmin off-flavor compounds and waste outputs through dietary phosphorus management in rainbow trout aquaculture

Sarker¹,

Pilote²,

Auffret³

et al. 2014

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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The aquaculture industry has long recognized the need to reduce phosphorus (P) waste outputs associated with environmental impact, and reduce off-flavor producing compounds, which can impact the quality of the fish product. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of dietary high P (HP) and low P (LP) on growth, nutrient digestibility, P retention, and P loading as well as their correlation to the synthesis of geosmin-associated off-flavor in a recirculating aquaculture system of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. The above diets were fed to quadruplicate tanks of rainbow trout (average mass ± SD: 127.4 ± 3.1 g) for 84 d. Results showed that the effects of the HP and LP diets on growth and P retention were not significantly different. While the apparent digestibility of P and other nutrients were higher in fish fed the LP diet, P waste outputs and geosmin levels in the fillets of fish were higher in fish fed the HP diet. Magnesium (Mg 2+ ), potassium (K + ) and zinc (Zn 2+ ) concentrations in tank water were significantly lower in fish fed the HP diet than the LP diet in most of the sampling events. Furthermore, the tank water geosmin concentration was not strongly proportionally correlated with tank water-soluble P concentration for both the LP and HP diets. There was a strong proportional linear relationship between the geosmin concentration in tank water and in trout fillet for both the LP and HP diets. Results suggest that off-flavor contents in fish fillets and water were related to the dietary P level and metabolic P waste outputs into the system, findings that have implications for the formulation of sustainable diets for rainbow trout.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Transition metal concentrations were determined using an an ion exchange chromatography technique (ICS-3000, Dionex). The same analyses were performed according to the method described by Auffret et al (2013) and furnished in the Appendix.…”

Section: Water Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing geosmin off-flavor compounds and waste outputs through dietary phosphorus management in rainbow trout aquaculture

Sarker¹,

Pilote²,

Auffret³

et al. 2014

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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“…TOCs are produced by several species of cyanobacteria (also known as blue-green algae) and by non-photosynthetic Streptomyces bacteria (Gram-positive, filamentous bacteria), but recent research indicates that other bacteria, e.g. species within the order Myxococcales, may also produce off-flavours in some aquaculture systems (Zaitlin & Watson 2006, Auffret et al 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geosmin off-flavour in pond-raised fish in southern Bangladesh and occurrence of potential off-flavour producing organisms

Petersen¹,

Alam²,

Rahman³

et al. 2014

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Pangas Pangasianodon hypophthalmus and tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were cultivated for 6 mo in earthen ponds in Bangladesh to examine occurrence of the off-flavour geosmin in water and fish and to test procedures for reduction of off-flavour. In the ponds (~1 m depth and area of 400 m 2 ), the average geosmin concentration was 3.9 ng l −1 (range 0.2 to 20 ng l ) for tilapia. Water treatment reduced the geosmin content by 56 to 74% in pangas, but no effect was found in tilapia. Likewise, depuration for ≥12 h in groundwater lowered the geosmin content in pangas (by 65 to 90%) but not in tilapia. Sensory analysis indicated a positive effect of both water treatment and depuration, and the fish were graded 'no or mild flavour' after such treatment, compared to 'strong off-flavour' in controls. Abundance analyses of known offflavour producing microorganisms (streptomycete bacteria and cyanobacteria) showed a high density of streptomycetes (0.5 to 13% of the bacterial population), while cyanobacteria made up a maximum of 9.3% of the phytoplankton biomass or were absent. This first study on off-flavours in pangas and tilapia in Bangladeshi ponds indicates that geosmin was not a major off-flavour in the fish, but improvement of sensory quality by water treatment and depuration suggests that other, unidentified off-flavours were present in the fish.

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“…For example, the Ion Torrent PGM has been used for community analyses of uranium mine tailings that had particularly high pH and low permeability 6 , of recirculating aquaculture systems 7 , of hydrocarbon-contaminated Arctic soils , of the human and animal bodies [13][14][15][16] and of anaerobic digesters 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Next-generation Sequencing of 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Amplicons

Sanschagrin

Yergeau

2014

JoVE

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One of the major questions in microbial ecology is "who is there?" This question can be answered using various tools, but one of the long-lasting gold standards is to sequence 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicons generated by domain-level PCR reactions amplifying from genomic DNA. Traditionally, this was performed by cloning and Sanger (capillary electrophoresis) sequencing of PCR amplicons. The advent of nextgeneration sequencing has tremendously simplified and increased the sequencing depth for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The introduction of benchtop sequencers now allows small labs to perform their 16S rRNA sequencing in-house in a matter of days. Here, an approach for 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing using a benchtop next-generation sequencer is detailed. The environmental DNA is first amplified by PCR using primers that contain sequencing adapters and barcodes. They are then coupled to spherical particles via emulsion PCR. The particles are loaded on a disposable chip and the chip is inserted in the sequencing machine after which the sequencing is performed. The sequences are retrieved in fastq format, filtered and the barcodes are used to establish the sample membership of the reads. The filtered and binned reads are then further analyzed using publically available tools. An example analysis where the reads were classified with a taxonomy-finding algorithm within the software package Mothur is given. The method outlined here is simple, inexpensive and straightforward and should help smaller labs to take advantage from the ongoing genomic revolution.

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Impact of water quality on the bacterial populations and off-flavours in recirculating aquaculture systems

Cited by 54 publications

References 54 publications

Reducing geosmin off-flavor compounds and waste outputs through dietary phosphorus management in rainbow trout aquaculture

Reducing geosmin off-flavor compounds and waste outputs through dietary phosphorus management in rainbow trout aquaculture

Geosmin off-flavour in pond-raised fish in southern Bangladesh and occurrence of potential off-flavour producing organisms

Next-generation Sequencing of 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Amplicons

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