Impact of vitamin D3 supplementation on COVID-19 vaccine response and immunoglobulin G antibodies in deficient women: A randomized controlled trial

Cesur, Fatih; Atasever, Zeynep; Özoran, Yavuz

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.03.046

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, vitamin D status appears to influence antibody production, with the study showing higher responses in those with sufficient levels (>50 nmol/L) compared to those with deficiency 18 . Notably, vitamin D supplementation in deficient individuals has been shown to positively correlate with IgG responses to COVID‐19 vaccines 50 . These findings underscore the importance of maintaining optimal micronutrient status for bolstering humoral responses after vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Unveiling the micronutrient‐immunity puzzle in inactivated COVID‐19 vaccination: A comprehensive analysis of circulating micronutrient levels and humoral responses in healthy adults

Meng,

Wang,

Zhai

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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While micronutrients are crucial for immune function, their impact on humoral responses to inactivated COVID‐19 vaccination remains unclear. We investigated the associations between seven key micronutrients and antibody responses in 44 healthy adults with two doses of an inactivated COVID‐19 vaccine. Blood samples were collected pre‐vaccination and 28 days post‐booster. We measured circulating minerals (iron, zinc, copper, and selenium) and vitamins (A, D, and E) concentrations alongside antibody responses and assessed their associations using linear regression analyses. Our analysis revealed inverse associations between blood iron and zinc concentrations and anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM antibody binding affinity (AUC for iron: β = −258.21, p < 0.0001; zinc: β = −17.25, p = 0.0004). Notably, antibody quality presented complex relationships. Blood selenium was positively associated (β = 18.61, p = 0.0030), while copper/selenium ratio was inversely associated (β = −1.36, p = 0.0055) with the neutralizing ability against SARS‐CoV‐2 virus at a 1:10 plasma dilution. There was no significant association between circulating micronutrient concentrations and anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG binding affinity. These findings suggest that circulating iron, zinc, and selenium concentrations and copper/selenium ratio, may serve as potential biomarkers for both quantity (binding affinity) and quality (neutralization) of humoral responses after inactivated COVID‐19 vaccination. Furthermore, they hint at the potential of pre‐vaccination dietary interventions, such as selenium supplementation, to improve vaccine efficacy. However, larger, diverse studies are needed to validate these findings. This research advances the understanding of the impact of micronutrients on vaccine response, offering the potential for personalized vaccination strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Unveiling the micronutrient‐immunity puzzle in inactivated COVID‐19 vaccination: A comprehensive analysis of circulating micronutrient levels and humoral responses in healthy adults

Meng,

Wang,

Zhai

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…This means that vitamin D contributes to the stability of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels. Cecur F. and colleagues also identified that in [60]. Conversely, Chillon T.S.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Immune Response after Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination in Relation to Cellular Immunity, Vitamin D and Comorbidities in Hemodialysis Patients

Dalinkeviciene,

Gradauskiene,

Sakalauskaite

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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In the global threat of SARS-CoV-2, individuals undergoing maintenance dialysis represent a vulnerable population with an increased risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. Therefore, immunization against SARS-CoV-2 is an essential component of healthcare strategy for these patients. Existing data indicate that they tend to exhibit a reduced immune response to vaccines compared to the general population. Our study aimed to assess both humoral and cellular immune responses following two doses of an anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine, an ability to maintain adequate antibody titers over time, and potential relations with vitamin D, comorbidities and other factors in hemodialysis patients based on a single center experience. A total of 41/45 patients (91.1%) responded to the second dose of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. The titer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG class antibodies and levels of T cells three to four weeks after vaccination were lower in dialysis patients than in healthy controls. Antibodies titer in dialysis patients had a positive correlation with B lymphocytes and was related to cardiovascular diseases. The level of CD4+ cells had a negative correlation with hemodialysis vintage, as did the vitamin D level with post-vaccination seroconversion and decline in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies titer during six months after vaccination. Hemodialysis patients had decreased amounts of CD4+ and CD8+ cells and lower levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies than healthy controls. Therefore, chronic hemodialysis could lead to diminished cellular immunity and humoral immune response to the anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and reduced protection from COVID-19. Comorbidity in cardiovascular diseases was associated with a lower level of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer. Vitamin D may be important in maintaining stable levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, while the duration of dialysis treatment could be one of the factors decreasing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer and determining lower CD4+ cell counts.

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“…There have been similar studies that have assessed the role of vitamin D in augmenting immunogenicity of different anti-COVID-19 vaccines with mixed outcomes (Supplementary table 7) [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] . Most of these studies used titers of anti-S antibodies as a measure of efficacy and the SARS-Cov-2 specific T cell responses including memory responses were not assessed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, in his context the findings of our study become more relevant, since despite of finding no changes in anti-S antibody titers, we could demonstrate improvement in efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine and the data on gene expression of PBMCs supports the immunological findings of our index study. Recent trials on vitamin D supplementation, which showed improvement in the efficacy, mainly involving the mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2), measured outcomes around 2 months of supplementation [37][38][39] . This suggests that achieving vitamin D adequacy prior or during the vaccination period, yields maximum benefits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcifediol boosts efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine by upregulating genes promoting memory T cell responses

Saroha,

Bhat,

Das

et al. 2024

npj Vaccines

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The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (COVISHIELD) vaccine has emerged as a pivotal tool in the global fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. In our previous study eligible subjects were supplemented with calcifediol, a direct precursor to the biologically active form of vitamin D, calcitriol with an objective to enhance the immunogenicity of the COVISHIELD vaccine. Herein we investigated the effects of calcifediol supplementation on gene expression profiles in individuals who received the COVISHIELD vaccine. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from vaccinated individuals with and without calcifediol supplementation at baseline, 3rd and 6th month, and the gene expression profiles were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. The results revealed distinct patterns of gene expression associated with calcifediol supplementation, suggesting potential molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of calcifediol in improving the efficacy of COVISHIELD vaccine via augmentation of T cell activation, proliferation and T cell memory responses. Additionally, there was upregulation of NOD like receptor, JAK/STAT and TGF beta signaling pathways. Calcifediol supplementation in vaccinated individuals also downregulated the pathways related to the Coronavirus disease. Taken together, our findings provide valuable insights into the interplay between vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling and vaccine-induced immune responses and offer another approach in improving vaccination induced antiviral responses.

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Impact of vitamin D3 supplementation on COVID-19 vaccine response and immunoglobulin G antibodies in deficient women: A randomized controlled trial

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Unveiling the micronutrient‐immunity puzzle in inactivated COVID‐19 vaccination: A comprehensive analysis of circulating micronutrient levels and humoral responses in healthy adults

Unveiling the micronutrient‐immunity puzzle in inactivated COVID‐19 vaccination: A comprehensive analysis of circulating micronutrient levels and humoral responses in healthy adults

Immune Response after Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination in Relation to Cellular Immunity, Vitamin D and Comorbidities in Hemodialysis Patients

Calcifediol boosts efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine by upregulating genes promoting memory T cell responses

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