Impact of vitamin D on pregnancy-related disorders and on offspring outcome

Websky, Karoline von; Hasan, Ahmed A.; Reichetzeder, Christoph; Tsuprykov, Oleg; Hocher, Berthold

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.11.008

Cited by 80 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 197 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent review pointed out that controversial findings from observational studies on vitamin D and GDM may be affected by heterogeneity in study design and insufficient considerations of confounding factors. 38 However, the results from clinical trials have also been inconsistent. [14][15][16][17] Two randomized clinical trials (n = 500 and n = 90) in Iran found that vitamin D supplementation intake (50 000 IU every 2 weeks or 5000 IU weekly) started in the first trimester of gestation decreased incidence of GDM, 14,15 which is consistent with our findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitamin D status during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort

Jin

Song

Rawal

et al. 2019

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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Aim: To prospectively and longitudinally investigate vitamin D status during early to mid-pregnancy in relation to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. Methods: In a nested case-control study of 107 GDM cases and 214 controls within the Fetal Growth Studies-Singleton Cohort, plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 (25(OH)D) and vitamin D binding protein were measured at gestational weeks 10 to 14, 15 to 26, 23 to 31, and 33 to 39; we further calculated total, free, and bioavailable 25(OH)D. Conditional logistic regression models and linear mixedeffects models were used. Results: We observed a threshold effect for the relation of vitamin D biomarkers with GDM risk. Vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) at 10 to 14 gestational weeks was associated with a 2.82-fold increased risk for GDM [odds ratio (OR) = 2.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15-6.93]. Women with persistent vitamin D deficiency at 10 to 14 and 15 to 26 weeks of gestation had a 4.46-fold elevated risk for GDM compared with women persistently non-deficient (OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 1.15-17.3).Conclusions: Maternal vitamin D deficiency as early as the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with an elevated risk of GDM. The association was stronger for women who were persistently deficient through the second trimester. Assess-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D status during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort

Jin

Song

Rawal

et al. 2019

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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“…This reduces the availability of free vitamin D and increases the conversion of 25(OH) D to 1, 25(OH)2D3 through the placenta, which is the main extra-renal site of this conversion owing to the increased activity of 1α-hydroxylase [30]. Moreover, the late transfer of vitamin D to the fetus may be impaired in preterm birth, which has prompted various investigations of serum vitamin D levels in pregnant women [31,32]. A meta-analysis including 10,098 patients from 10 studies found an increased risk of preterm birth for pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL; OR = 1.29; 95% IC = 1.16-1.45) [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between vitamin D plasma concentrations and VDR gene variants and the risk of premature birth

Dutra

Affonso-Kaufman

Cafeo

et al. 2019

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background: Premature birth is the main cause of mortality in children under 1 year, and vitamin D deficiency during gestation is associated with prematurity. The effects of vitamin D are mediated by its receptor, which is encoded by the VDR gene. VDR variants-such as single nucleotide variation (SNV)-are associated with increased risk of prematurity, but there are conflicting results. We evaluated serum vitamin D concentrations and the frequency of TaqI/A > G, BsmI/C > T, ApaI/C > A, and FokI/A > T VDR variants in mothers and preterm (PTN) and fullterm (FTN) newborns. Methods: We conducted a case-control study comprising 40 pairs of mothers and their PTNs (gestational age < 32 weeks and/or weight < 1500 g), and 92 pairs of mothers and FTNs as controls. Genotyping was performed by realtime PCR, and plasma vitamin D concentrations were measured by electrochemiluminescence. Results: Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in PTN mothers. Genotypes TaqI/GG and BsmI/TT, and haplotypes AAG (TaqI/A-ApaI/A-FokI/G) and GCA (TaqI/G-ApaI/C-FokI/A) were significantly more frequent in PTN mothers, and genotypes TaqI/AG, ApaI/AA, and FokI/AG resulted in significantly lower vitamin D levels. Genotypes BsmI/TT and ApaI/AA were associated with vitamin D deficiency and 2.36 and 7.99 times greater likelihood of PTB, respectively. Vitamin D levels were also lower in PTNs, although it was not statistically significant. Genotypes BsmI/TT, ApaI/AA, and FokI/GG, and haplotype GAG (TaqI/G-ApaI/A-FokI/G) were significantly more frequent in PTNs. Those with FokI/ GG genotypes had significantly lower vitamin D levels. Conclusions: VDR variants contribute to variations in vitamin D concentrations and the increased risk of prematurity.

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“…Focusing on the optimum supply of minerals and of vitamin D, by using human milk fortifier,calcium and phosphorous supplementation or preterm formula is vital to prevent MBD. Supplementing mothers with 600IU/day of vitamin D helps in preventing MBD (52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64). Conclusions Optimum nutritional supplementation of neonates with calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D along with assisted physical exercise plays a key role in preventing MBD.…”

Section: U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Bone Disease in Premature Neonates: An Unmet Challenge

Chacham

Pasi

Chegondi

et al. 2020

Jcrpe

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The metabolic bone disease is an important morbidity in premature, very low birth weight and sick infants. If left undiagnosed, leads to structural deformities & spontaneous fractures.It is defined as impaired bone mineralization in a neonate with lower than the estimated bone mineral levels in either fetus or neonate of comparable gestational age / weight coupled with biochemical abnormalities with or without radiological manifestations. It has been reported to occur in 16% to 40% of extremely low birth weight neonates. Insufficient calcium and phosphorous stores during the phase of accelerated growth predispose to it along with use of medications (caffeine, steroids), prolonged parenteral nutrition & chronic immobilization. It presents by 6-16 weeks after birth. Enhanced physical activity in preterm infants facilitates bone mineralization and weight gain. Biochemical abnormalities tend to worsen significantly, as the severity of disease progresses. They consist of hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hyperphosphatasia and secondary hyperparathyroidism. In addition, urinary phosphate wasting and hypo vitaminosis D can complicate these abnormalities. Conversely, biochemical abnormalities may not be accompanied by rachitic changes. Newer diagnostic modalities include bone densitometry by quantitative ultrasound over mid-tibial shaft (noninvasive tool). The management of metabolic bone disease includes adequate calcium, phosphorous and vitamin D supplementation along with optimum nutrition and physical activity. Similarly, preventive strategies for metabolic bone disease should target nutritional enhancement alongside enhanced physical activity. Conclusion: Metabolic bone disease is a preventable morbidity in preterm, VLBW neonates and requires optimum nutritional supplementation and enhanced physical activity.

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Impact of vitamin D on pregnancy-related disorders and on offspring outcome

Cited by 80 publications

References 197 publications

Vitamin D status during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort

Vitamin D status during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A longitudinal study in a multiracial cohort

Association between vitamin D plasma concentrations and VDR gene variants and the risk of premature birth

Metabolic Bone Disease in Premature Neonates: An Unmet Challenge

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