Impact of vitamin A supplementation on prevalence and incidence of xerophthalmia in Nepal

Katz, Joanne; West, PK; Sk, Khatry; Thapa,; LeClerq, S. C.; Pradhan, Elizabeth Kimbrough; Pokhrel, Ram Prasad

doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(14)70297-1

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Some efforts have been made to investigate the vitamin A status of lactating women and recommendations given to improve their vitamin A status (Katz et al, 1995;Stoltzfus et al, 1993;Underwood, 1994). Several investigations have shown signi®cant seasonal variations in intake (Bates et al, 1994;Kigutha et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of grave vitamin A deficiency among lactating women in the semi-arid rural area of Makhaza in Zimbabwe. A population-based study

et al. 2001

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Objective: To assess the vitamin A and iron status of lactating women. Design: A population-based cross-sectional descriptive study. Setting: A semi-arid rural area of Makhaza in Zimbabwe. Subjects: Two hundred and seven lactating women with babies aged 2 ± 12 months. Methods: Serum retinol (SR) was measured by HPLC, serum ferritin (SF) by ELIZA, haemoglobin (Hb) by HemoCue and C-reactive protein (CRP) by a turbo metric method. A seven-day recall of consumption of vitamin A containing foods was recorded. Main outcome measures: Relative dose response (RDR), SR, SF, Hb and CRP. Results: Dark green leafy vegetables were the main sources of vitamin A; retinol-containing foods and yellow to red fruits and vegetables were rarely consumed. Five women had elevated CRP and these women had lower SR (P`0.001) than the rest. Forty percent of the women had vitamin A de®ciency (SR`20 mgadl), 76% had low liver stores of vitamin A (RDR b 20%) while 15 women had both abnormal SR and abnormal RDR. Forty percent had anaemia (Hb`12 gal) while 12% had iron de®ciency (SF`12 mgadl) and 4% (n 7) had iron de®ciency anaemia. Conclusion: Vitamin A and iron de®ciencies are problems of public health signi®cance among the lactating women in the Makhaza area. Sponsorship: The study was sponsored by Sida through the SidaaZimbabwe co-operation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of grave vitamin A deficiency among lactating women in the semi-arid rural area of Makhaza in Zimbabwe. A population-based study

et al. 2001

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“…7,8,[15][16][17] Ocular manifestation, particularly night blindness, is usually the earliest clinical manifestation of vitamin A deficiency. It is required for normal cellular growth and plays an important role in the visual process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular manifestation of vitamin A deficiency among Orang Asli (Aborigine) children in Malaysia

Ngah

Moktar

Isa

et al. 2002

Asia Pac J Clin Nutr

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This study determined the prevalence of ocular manifestation of vitamin A deficiency in Orang Asli (Aborigine) children. Night blindness was found in 16.0% of the children, conjunctiva xerosis in 57.3%, Bitot's spot in 2.8%, corneal xerosis in 0.5% and corneal scars in 5.6%. These findings show that history of night blindness had sensitivity, specificity and predictive value (positive) of 47.2, 98.1 and 96.2%, respectively, compared with the standard diagnosis procedure using luxometer readings.

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“…A large vitamin A supplementation field trial had been conducted from 1989-91 to assess the efficacy of four-monthly vitamin A supplementation in reducing pre-school child mortality (West et al, 1991;1992;1995;Katz et al, 1995;1998;Pokhrel et al, 1994;Pradhan et al, 1994). At the start of the trial, every household in the (30 VDC) study area was visited in order to enrol children of five years of age or less and their families.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of flood‐related mortality in Nepal

et al. 2007

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In July 1993, severe flooding devastated Sarlahi district in Nepal. The next month, a follow-up study of a large population cohort was undertaken. The study is unique in that a prospective research database was used to verify residency prior to the flood and to confirm vital status afterwards. It evaluated 41,501 children aged between two and nine years and adults aged 15-70 in 7,252 households. Flood-related fatality rates were 13.3 per 1,000 for girls and 9.4 per 1,000 for boys, 6.1 per 1,000 for women and 4.1 per 1,000 for men. Flood-related fatality rates for children were six times higher than mortality rates in the same villages a year before the flood (relative risk (RR) = 5.9, 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) 5.0-6.8). Flood-related fatality was associated with low socio-economic status preflood (RR = 6.4, 95 per cent CI 2.7-20.0), and having a house constructed of thatch (RR = 5.1, 95 per cent CI 1.7-24.5).

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Impact of vitamin A supplementation on prevalence and incidence of xerophthalmia in Nepal

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Evidence of grave vitamin A deficiency among lactating women in the semi-arid rural area of Makhaza in Zimbabwe. A population-based study

Evidence of grave vitamin A deficiency among lactating women in the semi-arid rural area of Makhaza in Zimbabwe. A population-based study

Ocular manifestation of vitamin A deficiency among Orang Asli (Aborigine) children in Malaysia

Risk of flood‐related mortality in Nepal

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