Impact of visual impairment and blindness on quality of life of patients in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

Ejiakor, Ifeoma; Achigbu, EO; Onyia, Onyinye; Edema, OT; Florence, U Nkwogu

doi:10.4103/meajo.meajo_256_18

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, we used pre-existing participant records; it is possible that more males attended the eye clinic for treatment than females. Contrary to our findings, studies in Nigeria [ 18 ] and South Africa [ 19 ] recorded a higher prevalence among females than males. The variation in the findings could result from differences in the gender distribution in the sample population used in each study or a disproportionate sampling and inclusion of more males or females as study participants.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Visual Impairment and Blindness among Patients at Nigeria Army Eye Centre, Bonny Cantonment Lagos, Nigeria

Ezinne

Shittu²,

Ekemiri³

et al. 2022

Healthcare

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Background: Visual impairment (VI) is a public health problem that can affect an individual’s social wellbeing. The study aims to determine the distribution and causes of vision impairment (VI) and blindness among patients at Nigerian Army Eye Centre Lagos, Nigeria. Method: An institutional cross-sectional study was conducted, and a systematic random sampling technique was used to enrol study participants from their medical records. Information about their demography, presenting visual acuity (VA), best corrected visual acuity and cause of VI and blindness, were retrieved. Result: A total of five hundred (500) medical records of patients aged from 4 to 96 years, with a mean age of 54.07 ± 21.43 years, were considered for the study. Among the participants, more than half were males (51.2%) and ≥60 years (53.0%). A large (47.2%) proportion of the patients had moderate VI at the time of presentation, followed by blindness (22.0%). The major cause of blindness was cataract, while glaucoma and refractive error were the major causes of VI. Blindness and VI were significantly associated with the type of VI before and after the provision of intervention (p < 0.05) across different age groups (children, youths, adults, elderly) with an adjusted p < 0.003 after an intervention. Conclusions: Cataracts, glaucoma and uncorrected refractive error (URE) were the major causes of VI and blindness in Lagos State. VI was more prevalent in males than females; however, there was no significant difference between the two proportions. The prevalence of VI among age groups was more significant for those 60 years and above. Early screening for the detection and management of cataract, URE and glaucoma is highly advised to reduce the burden of VI.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Visual Impairment and Blindness among Patients at Nigeria Army Eye Centre, Bonny Cantonment Lagos, Nigeria

Ezinne

Shittu²,

Ekemiri³

et al. 2022

Healthcare

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“…[ 2 , 3 ] Painful blind eye conditions in Africa significantly impact the quality of life and well-being of affected individuals, their families, and communities. [ 4 , 5 , 6 ] These conditions can arise due to various aetiologies, including infective corneal ulcers with their sequelae, uveitis, physical or chemical eye trauma, intractable glaucoma (especially neovascular glaucoma), chronic retinal detachment, intraocular tumours and complicated cataracts, among others. [ 2 , 7 , 8 ] The management of these conditions encompasses various medications/procedures and can be daunting both for the patient and the ophthalmologist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of painful blind eye in Africa: A review

Kayoma,

Oronsaye

2024

JWAS

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Background: Painful blind eye conditions in Africa constitute a compelling area of concern within public health, presenting substantial complexities for healthcare systems and the individuals afflicted. This comprehensive review delves into recent research and advancements concerning the management of these conditions across the African region. Drawing upon contemporary studies and data, we scrutinise the multifaceted aspects, including prevalence rates, causative factors, and regional variations. Objective: To review existing articles on the current state of the management of blind painful eye conditions in Africa. Materials and Methods: Articles regarding the subject were obtained from Google Scholar, AJOL, and PubMed using the keywords, painful, blind eye (PBE), Africa. Results: Forty-four relevant articles were reviewed. They were further categorized into epidemiology, management approaches and challenges to management. Conclusion: The management of the PBE poses a huge challenge and can either be medical or surgical. Collaborative efforts should be targeted at preventing the causes of a PBE. As the burden of painful blind eye conditions continues to exert a profound impact across Africa, this article underscores the pressing need for collaborative efforts involving governments, non-governmental organisations, and international entities. By prioritising awareness and enhancing healthcare accessibility, we collectively strive towards the alleviation of suffering and the prevention of avoidable visual impairment in this region.

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“…4 Visual impairment is associated with unemployment, decreased self-support, activity limitation, and lower quality of life. 5 AMD can progress to choroidal neovascularization (wet form) or geographic atrophy (GA) [late dry form], which causes severe vision loss. In dry AMD, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) undergoes apoptosis, and amorphic…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging treatments for dry age-related macular degeneration with geographic atrophy: a systematic review

Wong

Kwok

2022

Hong Kong Journal of Ophthalmology

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extracellular deposits (drusens) are formed between RPE and the Bruch membrane, leading to central scotomas and metamorphopsia. In the advanced stage, drusen regresses and hyperpigmentation occurs, resulting in GA. 6 On optical coherence tomography (OCT), GA is characterized by the atrophy of RPE, photoreceptors, choriocapillaris, and outer nuclear layer. 7 Unlike neovascular AMD that can be treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, dry AMD with GA secondary to RPE or photoreceptors damage cannot be reversible by current therapies. 8 Hence, smoking cessation and vitamin or nutritional supplements remain the main option to improve the prognosis of dry AMD. 9 The Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) showed that dietary supplements can lower the risk of the development of wet AMD but have no effects on reducing annual GA lesion area. 10 This prompts studies to develop novel strategies to minimize GA lesions in patients with dry AMD and to reduce visual morbidity.We aim to systematically review clinical studies published within 10 years about emerging treatments of GA secondary to dry AMD and their effectiveness in preserving vision. We categorized the treatments into complement inhibitors, diet and supplement, cell-based therapies, and pharmacological agents. The efficacy, safety profile, and limitations of various therapies are discussed and compared. MethodsThe PubMed database was searched on 19 June 2021 using keywords: 'treatment' and 'geographic atrophy' or 'dry age-related macular degeneration'. Only clinical trials and randomized controlled trials published within 10 years and written in English language were included. Of 121 articles identified, 20 clinical studies describing the novel therapies for dry AMD with GA were included. Review papers, metaanalyses, and case reports were excluded. The 20 studies were manually curated for subject relevance through abstract or full text by one author, followed by discussion on the relevance with another author who made the arbitration when there was disagreement on article selection (Figure). ResultsThe emerging treatments of dry AMD with GA were categorized into complement inhibitors (Table 1), diet and supplement (Table 2), cell-based therapies (Table 3), and pharmacological agents (Table 4).

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Impact of visual impairment and blindness on quality of life of patients in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

Cited by 22 publications

References 20 publications

Visual Impairment and Blindness among Patients at Nigeria Army Eye Centre, Bonny Cantonment Lagos, Nigeria

Visual Impairment and Blindness among Patients at Nigeria Army Eye Centre, Bonny Cantonment Lagos, Nigeria

Management of painful blind eye in Africa: A review

Emerging treatments for dry age-related macular degeneration with geographic atrophy: a systematic review

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