Impact of viral infections in children with community‐acquired pneumonia: results of a study of 17 respiratory viruses

Abstract

Please cite this paper as: Esposito et al. (2012) Impact of viral infections in children with community‐acquired pneumonia: results of a study of 17 respiratory viruses. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/j.1750‐2659.2012.00340.x. Background Little is known about the prevalence of viral infections in children with community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP). Objectives To describe the clinical and virological data collected from children with radiographically confirmed CAP in whom 17 respiratory viruses were sought in respiratory secretion samples during the acute phase of the disease. Patients and methods The study involved 592 children with radiographically confirmed CAP whose respiratory secretion samples were tested using the Luminex xTAG Respiratory Virus Panel Fast assay, which simultaneously detects influenza A virus, influenza B virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)‐A and ‐B, parainfluenzavirus‐1, ‐2, ‐3, and ‐4, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, coronaviruses 229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1, enterovirus/rhinovirus, and bocavirus. A real‐time PCR assay was used to identify the rhinovirus in the enterovirus/rhinovirus‐positive samples. Results A total of 435 children (73·5%) were positive for at least one virus: the most frequently detected was RSV, which was found in 188 (31·7%), followed by rhinovirus (n = 144, 24·3%), bocavirus (n = 60, 10·1%), influenza viruses (n = 57, 9·6), and hMPV (n = 49, 8·2%). Viral co‐infections were found in 117 children (19·7% of the enrolled children; 26·9% of those with viral infections). Marginal differences were found between the infections owing to a single virus. Co‐infections showed radiographic evidence of alveolar pneumonia significantly more frequently than single infections (OR 1·72, 95% CI 1·05–2·81). Conclusions The findings of this study highlight the importance of respiratory viruses (mainly RSV and rhinovirus) in children with CAP and show the characteristics of both the single infections and co‐infections associated with the disease.

Incidence of Respiratory Viral Infections Detected by PCR and Real-Time PCR in Adult Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Meta-Analysis

“…The influenza virus is the most frequent viral pathogen detected in adult patients with CAP as our study demonstrates, which is inconsistent with the fact that the respiratory syncytial virus is the leading viral pathogen in pediatric patients with CAP [39,40,41,42]. Influenza vaccination has been previously proven to be efficient in preventing influenza viral infections especially during a pandemic influenza period [43].…”

Surveillance of poliomyelitis in Northern Italy: Results of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance and environmental surveillance, 2012–2015

“…France, Spain, and Australia); information on NPEV circulation in Italy derived exclusively from occasional studies in particular population, especially in children affected by severe pathological conditions. [37][38][39][40][41][42] In conclusion, AFPS proved to be successful especially after the PHEIC declaration and ES revealed a wide NPEVs circulation, mainly supported by echovirus type 11, 6 and 3.…”

Correlation between Infection with Multiple Respiratory Viruses and Length of Hospital Stay in Patients from Cheonan, Korea

“…Moreover, multiple infections have been reported to induce a less favorable prognosis [8]. In contrast, Esposito, et al (2013) reported that the difference in LOS between single (6.9 days) and multiple infections (7.1 days) was not significant. Other studies have reported no difference in clinical symptoms, prognosis, or intensive care unit admission rates between single and multiple infections [21][22][23], with some reporting less severe disease in patients with multiple respiratory virus infections [24,25].…”