Impact of ventilation scenario on air exchange rates and on indoor particle number concentrations in an air-conditioned classroom

Guo, Hai; Morawska, Lidia; He, Congrong; Gilbert, Dale

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.070

Cited by 130 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In this case study, the extreme environmental conditions and limited outdoor sources significantly affect the increase of the observed I/O ratios, which should depend on the indoor activities and the emissions of the research station (i.e., vehicles, incinerator). The maximum observed I/O ratio (30.40), reached in an air conditioned classroom during cleaning hours and in the presence of rainfall, is reported by Guo et al [82]. I/O ratios less than unity is found in the published studies of either occupied or unoccupied indoor environments [55,57,58,61,64,68,82].…”

Section: Indoor/outdoor Ratiomentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The type of ventilation assessed by the studies is, in fact, mainly related to the available sampling areas, with the exception to studies on the effects of a specific ventilation design to the infiltration of outdoor particles in indoor environments [53,79,82]. Significant differences are shown, in fact, in relation to ventilation systems, as described in Section 5.…”

Section: Studies Of Site-specific and Environmental Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measures of the AER are carried using tracer gasses or the pressurized blower method. Uses of perfluorocarbon, carbon dioxide, and perfluorinated methyl-cyclohexane are reported [40,60,61,82]. The distance of tracer sources from ventilation or heating sources is needed in order to reduce their interference.…”

Section: Air Exchange Rate (Aer)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Indoor-Outdoor Particulate Matter Air Pollution: A Review

Salizzoni

Clerico

et al. 2017

Atmosphere

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Abstract:Background: Air pollution is a major global environmental risk factor. Since people spend most of their time indoors, the sole measure of outdoor concentrations is not sufficient to assess total exposure to air pollution. Therefore, the arising interest by the international community to indoor-outdoor relationships has led to the development of various techniques for the study of emission and exchange parameters among ambient and non-ambient pollutants. However, a standardised method is still lacking due to the complex release and dispersion of pollutants and the site conditions among studies. Methods: This review attempts to fill this gap to some extent by focusing on the analysis of the variety of site-specific approaches for the assessment of particulate matter in work and life environments. Results: First, the main analogies and differences between indoor and outdoor particles emerging from several studies are briefly described. Commonly-used indicators, sampling methods, and other approaches are compared. Second, recommendations for further studies based on recent results in order to improve the assessment and management of those issues are provided. Conclusions: This review is a step towards a comprehensive understanding of indoor and outdoor exposures which may stimulate the development of innovative tools for further epidemiological and multidisciplinary research.

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Section: Indoor/outdoor Ratiomentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Studies Of Site-specific and Environmental Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Indoor-Outdoor Particulate Matter Air Pollution: A Review

Salizzoni

Clerico

et al. 2017

Atmosphere

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“…When the air conditioners are operating, particles in the outdoor air are drawn and retained by the filters of the air conditioning systems. These filtration units can significantly reduce the amounts of outdoor particles from entering into the homes and that full air conditioning can reduce the infiltration rate of outdoor particles (Vette et al, 2001;Guo et al, 2008). This may explain the weak correlation between the indoor and outdoor PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations.…”

Section: Relationship Between Indoor and Outdoor Pm Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Indoor particulate matter in urban residences of Alexandria, Egypt

Abdel-Salam

2013

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Indoor particulate matter samples were collected in 17 homes in an urban area in Alexandria during the summer season. During air measurement in all selected homes, parallel outdoor air samples were taken in the balconies of the domestic residences. It was found that the mean indoor PM 2.5 and PM 10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter 2.5 and 10 m, respectively) concentrations were 53.5 AE 15.2 and 77.2 AE 15.1 µg/m 3 , respectively. The corresponding mean outdoor levels were 66.2 AE 16.5 and 123.8 AE 32.1 µg/m 3 , respectively. PM 2.5 concentrations accounted, on average, for 68.8 AE 12.8% of the total PM 10 concentrations indoors, whereas PM 2.5 contributed to 53.7 AE 4.9% of the total outdoor PM 10 concentrations. The median indoor/outdoor mass concentration (I/O) ratios were 0.81 (range: 0.43-1.45) and 0.65 (range: 0.4-1.07) for PM 2.5 and PM 10 , respectively. Only four homes were found with I/O ratios above 1, indicating significant contribution from indoor sources. Poor correlation was seen between the indoor PM 10 and PM 2.5 levels and the corresponding outdoor concentrations. PM 10 levels were significantly correlated with PM 2.5 loadings indoors and outdoors and this might be related to PM 10 and PM 2.5 originating from similar particulate matter emission sources. Smoking, cooking using gas stoves, and cleaning were the major indoor sources contributed to elevated indoor levels of PM 10 and PM 2.5 .Implications: The current study presents results of the first PM 2.5 and PM 10 study in homes located in the city of Alexandria, Egypt. Scarce data are available on indoor air quality in Egypt. Poor correlation was seen between the indoor and outdoor particulate matter concentrations. Indoor sources such as smoking, cooking, and cleaning were found to be the major contributors to elevated indoor levels of PM 10 and PM 2.5 .

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“…The factors deciding about the quality of the inside environment include the ones associated with the presence as well as animal and human activity indoors. The activities inside buildings can considerably affect not only on the level of the concentration of classical aerosol particles as well as the level of bioaerosols [6][7][8]. Air quality is also considerably influenced by the effect resulting from the existence of ventilation and air conditioning systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol in selected laboratories at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Opole University of Technology

Olszowski

2017

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract. The paper contains the results of a study into mass concentration of the dispersed aerosol fraction with the aerodynamic diameter of up to 2.5 and 10 micrometers. The study was conducted during classes with students participating in them in two laboratories located at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Opole University of Technology as well as outdoor outside the building. It was demonstrated that the values of the mass concentration of PM 2.5 and PM 10 measured in the laboratories differ considerably from the levels measured in the ambient air in the outdoor areas surrounding the faculty building. It was concluded that the diversity of PM 2.5 /PM 10 ratio was greater in the laboratories. Direct correlation was not established between the concentrations of the particular PM fractions in the two investigated environments. It was demonstrated that there is a statistically significant relation between the concentration of PM 2.5 and PM 10 and the number of people present in the laboratory. The conducted cluster analysis led to the detection of the existence of dominant structures determining air quality parameters. For the analyzed case, endogenic factors are responsible for the aerosanitary condition. The study demonstrated that the evaluation of air quality needs to be performed individually for the specific rooms.

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Impact of ventilation scenario on air exchange rates and on indoor particle number concentrations in an air-conditioned classroom

Cited by 130 publications

References 12 publications

Assessment of Indoor-Outdoor Particulate Matter Air Pollution: A Review

Assessment of Indoor-Outdoor Particulate Matter Air Pollution: A Review

Indoor particulate matter in urban residences of Alexandria, Egypt

Aerosol in selected laboratories at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Opole University of Technology

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