Impact of Vaccines; Health, Economic and Social Perspectives

Rodrigues, Charlene; Plotkin, Stanley А.

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01526

Cited by 414 publications

(338 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Vaccines are one of the most reliable and cost-effective public health interventions ever implemented that are saving millions of lives each year [11][12][13]. Following the deciphering of the genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2 in early 2020 [3] and the declaration of the pandemic by WHO in March 2020 [4], scientists and pharmaceutical companies are racing against time in efforts to develop vaccines [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptance and Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccines: A Cross-Sectional Study from Jordan

El‐Elimat¹,

AbuAlSamen

Almomani

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundVaccines are effective interventions that can reduce the high burden of diseases globally. However, public vaccine hesitancy is a pressing problem for public health authorities. With the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, little information is available on the public acceptability and attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccines in Jordan. This study aimed to investigate the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines and its predictors in addition to the attitudes towards these vaccines among public in Jordan.MethodsAn online, cross-sectional, and self-administered questionnaire was instrumentalized to survey adult participants from Jordan on the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines. Logistic regression analysis was used to find the predictors of COVID-19 vaccines’ acceptability.ResultsA total of 3,100 participants completed the survey. The public acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines was fairly low (37.4%) in Jordan. Males (OR=2.488, 95CI%=1.834–3.375, p<.001) and those who took the seasonal influenza vaccine (OR=2.036, 95CI%=1.306–3.174, p=.002) were more likely to accept Covid-19 vaccines. Similarly, participants who believed that vaccines are generally safe (OR=9.258, 95CI%=6.020–14.237, p<.001) and those who were willing to pay for vaccines (OR=19.223, 95CI%=13.665–27.042, p<.001), once available, were more likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccines. However, those above 35 years old (OR=0.376, 95CI%=0.233-0.607, p<.001) and employed participants (OR=0.542, 95CI%=0.405-0.725, p<.001) were less likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccines. Moreover, participants who believed that there was a conspiracy behind COVID-19 (OR=0.502, 95CI%=0.356- 0.709, p<.001) and those who do not trust any source of information on COVID-19 vaccines (OR=0.271, 95CI%=0.183 – 0.400, p<.001), were less likely to have acceptance towards them. The most trusted sources of information on COVID-19 vaccines were healthcare providers.ConclusionSystematic interventions are required by public health authorities to reduce the levels of vaccines’ hesitancy and improve their acceptance. We believe these results and specifically the low rate of acceptability is alarming to Jordanian health authorities and should stir further studies on the root causes and the need of awareness campaigns. These interventions should take the form of reviving the trust in national health authorities and structured awareness campaigns that offer transparent information about the safety and efficacy of the vaccines and the technology that was utilized in their production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptance and Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccines: A Cross-Sectional Study from Jordan

El‐Elimat¹,

AbuAlSamen

Almomani

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…These countries exhibit competing health, social, and economic challenges owing to inadequate healthcare infrastructure and a high prevalence of immunocompromising and infectious diseases. In these settings, individuals could also suffer complex vaccine responses when compared with responses in individuals in more developed economies 8,9 . At the same time, many LMICs have been unable to secure vaccine doses in advance from potential suppliers and thus are likely to have incomplete coverage of their populations, particularly in the short-term.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of the Potential Global Impact of Dosing Regimen and Roll Out Options for the ChAdOx1 n-CoV-19 Vaccine

Aguas,

Bharath,

White

et al. 2021

SSRN Journal

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Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1193472); Li Ka Shing Foundation; Oxford University COVID-19 Research Response Fund (ref: 0009280). The funders played no role in the design or outcomes of this work. Contributors RA, AB, LJW, and RS conceived the paper and contributed to the analysis. RA developed the model and wrote the code. BG ran the PSA and contributed to data processing. MV and AP provided the data, discussed the analysis, and commented on the draft. All authors have read, contributed to, and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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“…Immunization has demonstrated to be an effective means of controlling and eradicating life-threatening infectious diseases since the 20th century [1]. Every year, immunization is estimated to prevent about 2-3 million child deaths [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking Immunization Coverage, Dropout and Equity Gaps Among Children Aged 12–23 Months in Malawi. Bottleneck Analysis of the Malawi Demographic and Health Survey

Mmanga¹,

Mwenyenkulu

Nkoka

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Immunization is considered an effective tool for controlling and eliminating life-threatening infectious diseases. However, most studies on immunization have mainly focused on vaccination coverage while data on dropouts and equity gaps is very scanty. Thus, the aim of the present study was to describe the trend in immunization coverage, dropout rates and effective immunization coverages (FVC) among children aged 12–23 months in Malawi.Methods: We conducted secondary analyses of the cross-sectional data taken from three waves of the Demographic and Health Surveys (2004, 2010, and 2015-16). Using the bottleneck analysis, outputs were generated based on service coverage, demand/equity (service utilization) and quality/effective coverage. The World Health Organization benchmarks were used to assess gaps in the immunization coverage indicators.Results: The coverage was above 90.0% in most of the antigens while full immunization status was estimated at 65%, 84%, and 73% in 2004, 2010, and 2015 respectively. The highest coverage was observed in BCG and lowest in Oral Polio Vaccine1 (OPV1). OPV1 coverage was less than 90% in 2004 cohort year, whilst Penta3 and MCV1 coverages were less than 90% in 2004. Additionally, full vaccination coverage (FVC) was 65%, 84%, and 74% in 2004, 2010, and 2015 respectively. Dropout rates of Penta3 and MCV1 were significantly higher than 10% in 2004 however, the dropouts had U-shaped patterns. The logistic region analyses showed that children were significantly less likely to be immunized with Penta3 and MCV1 in all cohort years compared to Penta1.Conclusions: Though immunization coverage was in line with the national and district targets for various antigens between 2004 and 2015, however, the FVC is still lagging behind. Furthermore, the dropout rates for Penta3 and MCV1 showed U-shaped patterns. Thus, health education, supervision, and orientation of service providers are instantly needed to address disparities that are existing in FVC.

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Impact of Vaccines; Health, Economic and Social Perspectives

Cited by 414 publications

References 117 publications

Acceptance and Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccines: A Cross-Sectional Study from Jordan

Acceptance and Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccines: A Cross-Sectional Study from Jordan

An Analysis of the Potential Global Impact of Dosing Regimen and Roll Out Options for the ChAdOx1 n-CoV-19 Vaccine

Tracking Immunization Coverage, Dropout and Equity Gaps Among Children Aged 12–23 Months in Malawi. Bottleneck Analysis of the Malawi Demographic and Health Survey

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