Impact of universal home visits on maternal and infant outcomes in Bauchi state, Nigeria: protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial

Cockcroft, Anne; Omer, Khalid; Gidado, Yagana; Gamawa, Adamu Ibrahim; Andersson, Neil

doi:10.1186/s12913-018-3319-z

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, the husband's support during the postpartum period in the form of empathizing, hugging, and helping with housekeeping can play a crucial role in preventing postpartum mental disorders in women [21]. Another study showed that young fathers' engagement in home chores, discourse, and empathy with the mother by receiving adequate and appropriate information were more effective in pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy periods than in postpartum period [22].…”

Section: Contrary To the Findings Of Faghihzadeh Our Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Home Care on Husband’s Support During the Postpartum Period

Baghersad

Mokhtari

Bahadoran

2019

J. Holist. Nurs. Midwifery

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The role of Fathers' involvement and support in the care of mother and child during postpartum is crucial. This support promotes the health of the mother and the family. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of home care on the husband's support during the postpartum period. Materials and Methods: This is a clinical trial conducted on 64 women given birth in one of the hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. They were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for collecting data. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were already evaluated. For analyzing the collected data, descriptive statistics, and independent t-test, Fisher's exact test, Chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used considering the significance level of P≤0.05. Results: After receiving home care, the husband's support in the intervention group (96.74±9.11) was significantly different (P=0.001) from the control group (81.17±14.43). There was also a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the areas of "confidence in wife", "listening to her", "attention to her care needs", "attention to her financial needs", "attention to her problems and trying to fix them", "buying necessary things for her", "buying gifts for her", "helping with housekeeping", and "helping with childcare" after the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: Home care program could desirably increase husband's support leading to a safe postpartum period. Providing home services requires careful planning and proper management by midwives.

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Section: Contrary To the Findings Of Faghihzadeh Our Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Home Care on Husband’s Support During the Postpartum Period

Baghersad

Mokhtari

Bahadoran

2019

J. Holist. Nurs. Midwifery

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“…Our recent trial tested universal home visits to pregnant women and their spouses in Toro LGA, in Nigeria’s Bauchi State [ 16 ]. The home visitors shared evidence about local risks for maternal and child health, that households could act on themselves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of short birth interval (kunika) in Bauchi State, Nigeria: systematizing local knowledge with fuzzy cognitive mapping

et al. 2021

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Background Short birth intervals, defined by the World Health Organization as less than 33 months, may damage the health and wellbeing of children, mothers, and their families. People in northern Nigeria recognise many adverse effects of short birth interval (kunika in the Hausa language) but it remains common. We used fuzzy cognitive mapping to systematize local knowledge of causes of kunika to inform the co-design of culturally safe strategies to address it. Methods Male and female groups in twelve communities built 48 maps of causes and protective factors for kunika, and government officers from the Local Government Area (LGA) and State made four maps. Each map showed causes of kunika or no-kunika, with arrows showing relationships with the outcome and between causes. Participants assigned weights for the perceived strength of relationships between 5 (strongest) and 1 (weakest). We combined maps for each group: men, women, and government officers. Fuzzy transitive closure calculated the maximum influence of each factor on the outcome, taking account of all relationships in the map. To condense the maps, we grouped individual factors into broader categories and calculated the cumulative net influence of each category. We made further summarised maps and presented these to the community mapping groups to review. Results The community maps identified frequent sex, not using modern or traditional contraception, and family dynamics (such as competition between wives) as the most influential causes of kunika. Women identified forced sex and men highlighted lack of awareness about contraception and fear of side effects as important causes of kunika. Lack of male involvement featured in women’s maps of causes and in the maps from LGA and State levels. Maps of protective factors largely mirrored those of the causes. Community groups readily appreciated and approved the summary maps resulting from the analysis. Conclusions The maps showed how kunika results from a complex network of interacting factors, with culture-specific dynamics. Simply promoting contraception alone is unlikely to be enough to reduce kunika. Outputs from transitive closure analysis can be made accessible to ordinary stakeholders, allowing their meaningful participation in interpretation and use of the findings. Plain English summary For people in Bauchi State, northern Nigeria, kunika describes a short interval between successive births, understood as becoming pregnant again before the previous child is weaned. They recognise it is bad for children, mothers and households. We worked with 12 communities in Bauchi to map their knowledge of the causes and protective factors for kunika. Separate groups of men and women built 48 maps, and government officers at local and state level built four maps. Each group drew two maps showing causes of kunika or of no-kunika with arrows showing the links between causes and the outcome. Participants marked the strength of each link with a number (between 5 for the strongest and 1 for the weakest). We combined maps for women, men and government officers. We grouped similar causes together into broader categories. We calculated the overall influence of each category on kunika or no-kunika and produced summary maps to communicate findings. The maps identified the strongest causes of kunika as frequent sex, not using modern or traditional contraception, and family dynamics. Women indicated forced sex as an important cause, but men focused on lack of awareness about contraception and fear of side effects. The maps of protective factors mirrored those of the causes. The groups who created the maps approved the summary maps. The maps showed the complex causes of kunika in Bauchi. Promoting contraception is unlikely to be enough on its own to reduce kunika. The summary maps will help local stakeholders to co-design culturally safe ways of reducing kunika.

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“…Several qualitative studies have explored understanding and views about child spacing in Nigeria [4,11] and elsewhere [3,[12][13][14][15], without focusing specifically on views about the consequences of short birth interval. Linked to a project to test the impact of universal home visits to improve maternal and child health in Bauchi State, in North East Nigeria, [16,17] we sought to develop a culturally safe approach to child spacing for potential inclusion in the home visits. We wanted to explore local views and knowledge about causes of short birth interval (kunika) and how to prevent it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Kunika women are always sick”: views from community focus groups on short birth interval (kunika) in Bauchi state, northern Nigeria

et al. 2020

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Background: In Northern Nigeria, short birth interval is common. The word kunika in the Hausa language describes a woman becoming pregnant before weaning her last child. A sizeable literature confirms an association between short birth interval and adverse perinatal and maternal health outcomes. Yet there are few reported studies about how people view short birth interval and its consequences. In support of culturally safe child spacing in Bauchi State, in North East Nigeria, we explored local perspectives about kunika and its consequences. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study included 12 gender-segregated focus groups facilitated by local men and women in six communities from the Toro Local Government Area in Bauchi State. Facilitators conducted the groups in the Hausa language and translated the reports of the discussions into English. After an inductive thematic analysis, the local research team reviewed and agreed the themes in a member-checking exercise. Results: Some 49 women and 48 men participated in the 12 focus groups, with an average of eight people in each group. All participants were married with ages ranging from 15 to 45 years. They explained their understanding of kunika, often in terms of pregnancy while breastfeeding. They described many disadvantages of kunika, including health complications for the mother and children, economic consequences, and adverse impact on men's health and family dynamics. The groups concluded that some people still practise kunika, either intentionally (for example, in order to increase family size or because of competition between co-wives) or unintentionally (for example, because of frequent unprotected sex), and explained the roles of men and women in this.

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Impact of universal home visits on maternal and infant outcomes in Bauchi state, Nigeria: protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial

Cited by 19 publications

References 46 publications

Effect of Home Care on Husband’s Support During the Postpartum Period

Effect of Home Care on Husband’s Support During the Postpartum Period

Causes of short birth interval (kunika) in Bauchi State, Nigeria: systematizing local knowledge with fuzzy cognitive mapping

“Kunika women are always sick”: views from community focus groups on short birth interval (kunika) in Bauchi state, northern Nigeria

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