Impact of universal childhood vaccination against hepatitis B in Ghana: A pilot study

Hagan, Charles Oheneba; Nsiah, Paul; Obiri‐Yeboah, Dorcas; Yirdong, Felix; Annan, Isaac; Eliason, Sebastian; Nuvor, Samuel Victor

doi:10.4081/jphia.2018.721

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In the Eastern region, 10.6% prevalence was reported among 1500 pregnant women [6]. It was also lower than other prevalence rates reported in Ghana [15,23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…However, the introduction of the immunization policy has resulted in fewer infections and lower prevalence among those who were born after the introduction of the HBV immunization policy. To evaluate the impact of the immunization policy on HBV prevalence in the Cape Coast Municipality of the Central Region of Ghana, researchers sampled 501 school children in a pilot study and found that the prevalence of HBcAb was 2.6% and 6.1% among those born after the introduction of the policy and those born prior to the introduction of the policy, respectively [15]. This is a significant difference in the infection rates of those born before the mandatory HBV vaccination policy was introduced and those born after the introduction of the policy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge, risk of infection, and vaccination status of hepatitis B virus among rural high school students in Nanumba North and South Districts of Ghana

Adam

Fusheini

2020

PLoS ONE

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Background Hepatitis B (HB) is a viral infection that affects the liver and can lead to life-threatening conditions including cirrhosis and liver cancer. Over a billion people are estimated to be infected globally with the hepatitis B virus, with over 240 million chronically infected. Sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana is an HBV endemic area and an estimated 5%-10% of the population in the region is infected. Research on the knowledge and vaccination status of hepatitis B in rural communities in Ghana is lacking. Objectives The objectives of this study proposed were to assess the HBV knowledge, risk of HBV infection, and vaccination status of high school students in two rural districts of the Northern region on Ghana. Methods A cross-sectional study of a random sample of 426 students from two senior high schools in the Nanumba North and South districts of the Northern region of Ghana on hepatitis B knowledge and vaccination status was conducted. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and present data on demographic and knowledge variables. A Mann Whitney U test was used to compare the differences in HBV knowledge between male and female students and between students of the two high schools that were involved in the study. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to compute the association between HBV knowledge and age of students. Logistic regression was used to develop a model to predict variables that influenced vaccination against HB.

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“…In the Eastern region, 10.6% prevalence was reported among 1500 pregnant women [6]. It was also lower than other prevalence rates reported in Ghana [15,23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, risk of infection, and vaccination status of hepatitis B virus among rural high school students in Nanumba North and South Districts of Ghana

Adam

Fusheini

2020

PLoS ONE

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“…[ 20 ] In Ghana, the prevalence of anti-HBcAb was 2.6% and 6.1% among pupils delivered after and before the HBV vaccine program introduction, respectively, which shows the effectiveness of the HBV vaccination program. [ 24 ] In Brazil, 29 out of 576 (5.0%) teenagers were reactive for anti-HBcAb. [ 19 ] In Iran, Moghadami et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers among students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

et al. 2021

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Background: Protection against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is based on the presence of antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Vaccination of newborns is the most effective means of prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of anti-HBs antibody (anti-HBsAb), anti-HB core Ab (anti-HBcAb), HBsAg, and HBV DNA among university students in Fars province, Southern Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 272 students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, were enrolled. Venous blood (5 mL) was collected from each participant and centrifuged; the sera were stored at −20°C until use. Anti-HBsAb, Anti-HBcAb, and HBsAg were measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. HBV DNA load was also measured by a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The mean age of the participants was 19 ± 1 years. There were 171 (62.9%) females and 101 (37.1%) males. Anti-HBsAb at a protective level (>10 mIU/mL) were detected in the sera of 104 (38.5%) of the cases. Of the anti-HBsAb seropositive participants, 82 were female and 22 were male; the difference between the gender and seropositivity to anti-HBsAb was statistically significant ( P = 0.001, odds ratio: 3.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.89–5.79). Anti-HBcAb was detected in only one participant that was negative for both HBsAg and HBV DNA. Conclusion: Findings of the current study show that more than half of the students do not have a protective level of anti-HBsAb and might be susceptible to HBV infection, indicating the necessity of checking the level of anti-HBsAb as well as a booster dose in high-risk groups.

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“…A previous study shows that maternal depression is associated with child stunting, psychological and intellectual development. The lack of psycho-emotional parenting since the pregnancy period weakens 'mother-child' attachment that affects the nutritional status and development of children [49,50]. In nutrition parenting, almost 100% of participants correctly answered the question about the timing of complementary feeding for babies (93.8%), a dietary source of macronutrients rich foods for babies > 6 months old (95.9%), and dietary source of micronutrients rich foods for babies > 6 months old 96.9%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nutrition and reproductive health education intervention on pregnant women in reducing stunting in Indonesia: A-quasi experimental study

Permatasari¹,

Rizqiya²,

Kusumaningati³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Almost one-third of children under five suffer from stunting in Indonesia. Stunting can be prevented optimally since the period of pregnancy as the initial phase of the first 1000 days of life. This study aims to determine the effect of nutrition education and reproductive health on pregnant women in Bogor Regency, Indonesia.Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 194 pregnant women from August to November 2019. The pregnant women were randomly selected from two different villages that were the stunting locus in Bogor Regency. The intervention group (n=97) received two hours of nutrition and reproductive health education in small groups (4-5 mothers per group) every two weeks for three consecutive months. This interactive education had been given by a facilitator using some techniques such as role-playing, lectures, simulation, and games. The control group (n=97) were to obtain regular health care services. A structured questionnaire was applied to collect data consisting of maternal characteristics, nutritional and reproductive health knowledge, attitudes, and practices in the intervention and control groups. Data were analyzed using t-test and chi-square analysis.Results: Pregnant women in the intervention group indicate a significant increase in knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding nutrition and health reproductive after being given an education. The pretest and posttest mean scores in the intervention group were 55.1 and 83.1; 40.2 and 49.0; and 36.2 and 40.2, for the overall mother's knowledge, attitudes, and practices, respectively. Whereas in the control group, there was no significance between the pretest and posttest mean for these three variables. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the posttest mean between the intervention group and the control group, but the diﬀerence was not signiﬁcant (p>0.05) at the pretest.Conclusion: Providing nutrition and reproductive health education through small groups with interactive methods improves the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women. This intervention has the potential to be replicated and developed into large-scale implementation by optimizing collaboration between government, non-governmental organizations, and maternal and child health service providers.

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Impact of universal childhood vaccination against hepatitis B in Ghana: A pilot study

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Knowledge, risk of infection, and vaccination status of hepatitis B virus among rural high school students in Nanumba North and South Districts of Ghana

Knowledge, risk of infection, and vaccination status of hepatitis B virus among rural high school students in Nanumba North and South Districts of Ghana

The prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers among students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

The effect of nutrition and reproductive health education intervention on pregnant women in reducing stunting in Indonesia: A-quasi experimental study

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