Impact of treatments for recycled broiler litter on the viability and infectivity of microorganisms

Voss-Rech, Daiane; Trevisol, I. M.; Brentano, Liana; Silva, Virgínia Santiago; Rebelatto, Raquel; Jaenisch, F. R. F.; Okino, Cíntia Hiromi; Morés, M. A. Z.; Coldebella, Arlei; Botton, Sônia de Ávila; Vaz, C. S. L.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.03.020

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Poultry litter is composed of wood shavings, rice hulls, or sawdust mixed with chicken feces, uric acid, feed, and other broiler-sourced materials. Because of the increasing cost of bedding materials and to reduce the amount of waste produced by broiler houses, producers have opted to recycled bedding materials over multiple flocks for a year or longer (Roll, Dai Pra, & Roll, 2011;Voss-Rech et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reused poultry litter microbiome with competitive exclusion potential against Salmonella Heidelberg

et al. 2020

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The success of poultry litter reuse in U.S. poultry production can be attributed to the efficient treatment methods used by producers during downtimes (the time lapse between consecutive flocks, during which the broiler house is empty). During this period, reused litter may be decaked, tilled/windrowed, or treated with acid-based amendments to reduce ammonia and bacteria levels. Competitive exclusion, pH, and temperature are proposed factors that influence the level of pathogens and the overall litter microbiome during downtimes. We previously reported on the bacterial genetic factors associated with the fitness of two strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg (SH) incubated for 14 d in reused litter. Here, we investigated the physicochemical parameters and the microbiome of the litter correlating with SH abundance during this period. We used 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing to determine the litter microbiome and whole genome sequencing to characterize bacteria with competitive exclusion potential against SH. The β diversity of the litter microbiome was significantly affected by the duration of incubation, microcosm, and microcosm plus Heidelberg strain combinations. In addition, β diversity was significantly affected by litter parameters, including NH 4 , pH, moisture, water activity, and aluminum. The major phyla observed in the reused litter throughout the 14-d incubation experiment were Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, although their abundance differed by microcosm and time. Amplicon-specific variants homologous to the members of the genera Nocardiopsis and Lentibacillus and the family Bacillaceae_2 were found to significantly correlate with the abundance of Salmonella. A consortium of Bacillus subtilis strains isolated from the litter microcosms reduced the growth of SH in vitro.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reused poultry litter microbiome with competitive exclusion potential against Salmonella Heidelberg

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, non-typhoidal Salmonella can persist for several months in the chicken's gastrointestinal tract (Beal et al, 2004) and survive for more than two years in litter and feed (Davies and Breslin, 2003). This makes the poultry litter an important reservoir for non-typhoidal Salmonella (Chinivasagam et al, 2009;Roll et al, 2011;Yamazaki et al, 2016;Voss-Rech et al, 2017;Buhr et al, 2017), especially when the litter is reused without any interventions that neutralize residual pathogens (Vaz et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal study reveals persistent environmental Salmonella Heidelberg in Brazilian broiler farms

Voss-Rech

Kramer

Silva

et al. 2019

Veterinary Microbiology

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“…enterica serovar Heidelberg ( S . Heidelberg) has been shown to persist in recycled litter, even after litter treatment [12]. Salmonella Heidelberg is a clinically-important serovar, linked to food-borne illness and commonly isolated from poultry [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hotspot mutations and ColE1 plasmids contribute to the fitness of Salmonella Heidelberg in poultry litter

et al. 2018

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Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Heidelberg (S. Heidelberg) is a clinically-important serovar linked to food-borne illness, and commonly isolated from poultry. Investigations of a large, multistate outbreak in the USA in 2013 identified poultry litter (PL) as an important extra-intestinal environment that may have selected for specific S. Heidelberg strains. Poultry litter is a mixture of bedding materials and chicken excreta that contains chicken gastrointestinal (GI) bacteria, undigested feed, feathers, and other materials of chicken origin. In this study, we performed a series of controlled laboratory experiments which assessed the microevolution of two S. Heidelberg strains (SH-2813 and SH-116) in PL previously used to raise 3 flocks of broiler chickens. The strains are closely related at the chromosome level, differing from the reference genome by 109 and 89 single nucleotide polymorphisms/InDels, respectively. Whole genome sequencing was performed on 86 isolates recovered after 0, 1, 7 and 14 days of microevolution in PL. Only strains carrying an IncX1 (37kb), 2 ColE1 (4 and 6kb) and 1 ColpVC (2kb) plasmids survived more than 7 days in PL. Competition experiments showed that carriage of these plasmids was associated with increased fitness. This increased fitness was associated with an increased copy number of IncX1 and ColE1 plasmids. Further, all Col plasmid-bearing strains had hotspot mutations in 37 loci on the chromosome and in 3 loci on the IncX1 plasmid. Additionally, we observed a decrease in susceptibility to tobramycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, neomycin and fosfomycin for Col plasmid-bearing strains. Our study demonstrates how positive selection from poultry litter can change the evolutionary path of S. Heidelberg.

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Impact of treatments for recycled broiler litter on the viability and infectivity of microorganisms

Cited by 21 publications

References 28 publications

Reused poultry litter microbiome with competitive exclusion potential against Salmonella Heidelberg

Reused poultry litter microbiome with competitive exclusion potential against Salmonella Heidelberg

Longitudinal study reveals persistent environmental Salmonella Heidelberg in Brazilian broiler farms

Hotspot mutations and ColE1 plasmids contribute to the fitness of Salmonella Heidelberg in poultry litter

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