Impact of transported dust aerosols on precipitation over the Nepal Himalayas using convection-permitting WRF-Chem simulation

Adhikari, Pramod; Mejía, John F.

doi:10.1016/j.aeaoa.2022.100179

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Also, another satellite-based study by Choudhury et al (2020) suggests the higher aerosol loading with the increased moist static energy significantly contributed to the extreme precipitation events over the Himalayan foothills. Similar to our findings, a case study by Adhikari and Mejia (2022) also showed that long-rangetransported natural mineral dust aerosols modulated the microphysical properties of clouds and enhanced the precipitation by 9.6 % over the mid-mountainous (500-3000 m a.s.l.) region of the Nepal Himalayas.…”

Section: Aerosol Effect On Cloudssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The point precipitation pattern over the peaks of the mountain might be due to the strong orographic lifting associated with the convective cells. The overestimation of the precipitation by the WRF-Chem has also been reported in other studies over the Himalayan region (e.g., Barman and Gokhale, 2022;Sicard et al, 2021;Adhikari and Mejia, 2022) and can be associated with the uncertainties from the physical parameterizations (e.g., Baró et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2021). However, note that the finerresolution simulation better resolves the orographic forcing and can represent the precipitation over the complex terrain.…”

Section: Model Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Barman and Gokhale (2022), using a coarse (10 km) resolution WRF-Chem simulation, showed aerosol could modulate the precipitation over the mountainous terrain of northeastern India during the spring season. Also, a case study by Adhikari and Mejia (2022) showed central Himalayan early monsoon precipitation enhanced due to the remotely transported dust aerosols. Cho et al (2016) suggested that anthropogenic climate forcing modifies the circulation structure, triggers the intense rainfall over northern South Asia, and increases the risk of flood severity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerosol–precipitation elevation dependence over the central Himalayas using cloud-resolving WRF-Chem numerical modeling

Adhikari

Mejía

2023

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols can modulate the orographic precipitation impacting the evolution of clouds through radiation and microphysical pathways. This study implements the cloud-resolving Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) to study the response of the central Himalayan elevation-dependent precipitation to the atmospheric aerosols. The first monsoonal month of 2013 is simulated to assess the effect of aerosols through radiation and cloud interactions. The results show that the response of diurnal variation and precipitation intensities (light, moderate, and heavy) to aerosol radiation and cloud interaction depended on the different elevational ranges of the central Himalayan region. Below 2000 m a.s.l., the total effect of aerosols resulted in suppressed mean light precipitation by 19 % while enhancing the moderate and heavy precipitation by 3 % and 12 %, respectively. In contrast, above 2000 m a.s.l., a significant reduction of all three categories of precipitation intensity occurred with the 11 % reduction in mean precipitation. These contrasting altitudinal precipitation responses to the increased anthropogenic aerosols can significantly impact the hydroclimate of the central Himalayas, increasing the risk for extreme events and influencing the regional supply of water resources.

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Section: Aerosol Effect On Cloudssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Model Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerosol–precipitation elevation dependence over the central Himalayas using cloud-resolving WRF-Chem numerical modeling

Adhikari

Mejía

2023

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…The point precipitation pattern over the peaks of the mountain might be due to the strong orographic lifting associated with the convective cells. The overestimation of the precipitation by the WRF-Chem has also been reported in other studies over the Himalayan region (e.g., Barman and Gokhale, 2022;Sicard et al, 2021;Adhikari and Mejia, 2022) and can be associated with the uncertainties from the physical parameterizations (e.g., Baró et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2021). However, note that the finer resolution simulation better resolves the orographic forcing and can represent the precipitation over the complex terrain.…”

Section: Model Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 70%

Aerosols-precipitation elevation dependence over the Central Himalayas using cloud-resolving WRF-Chem numerical modeling

Adhikari

Mejía²

2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols can modulate the orographic precipitation impacting the evolution of clouds through radiation and microphysical pathways. This study implements the cloud-resolving Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) to study the response of the Central Himalayan elevation-dependent precipitation to the atmospheric aerosols. The first monsoonal month of 2013 is simulated to assess the effect of aerosols through radiation and cloud interactions. The results show that the response of diurnal variation and precipitation intensities (light, moderate, and heavy) to aerosol radiation and cloud interaction depended on the different elevational ranges of the Central Himalayan region. Below 2000 m ASL, the total effect of aerosols resulted in suppressed mean light precipitation by 19 % while enhancing the moderate and heavy precipitation by 3 % and 12 %, respectively. In contrast, above 2000 m ASL, a significant reduction of all three categories of precipitation intensity occurred with the 11 % reduction in mean precipitation. These contrasting altitudinal precipitation responses to the increased anthropogenic aerosols can significantly impact the hydroclimate of the Central Himalayas, increasing the risk for extreme events and influencing the regional supply of water resources.

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“…Transported dust aerosols impact the cloud microphysical properties 137 significantly. As a result of biomass burning and dust storms in the Indo-Gangetic Plain region, 138 and long-range transportation, aerosols accumulate over Nepal, which, when combined with local 139 pollution sources, contributes to high levels of pollution (Adhikari & Mejia, 2022;Becker et al, 140 2021a;Das et al, 2021;Jethva et al, 2019;Regmi et al, 2020)…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Surface Level PM2.5 Measured by Low-Cost Sensor and Satellite-Based Column Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) over Kathmandu

Regmi

Poudyal

Pokhrel

et al. 2023

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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2 average of 101± 26.31 μg m −3 , in winter, 55.58± 11.42 μg m −3 , in spring, 45.46± 12.16 μg m −3 , in autumn, and a minimum of 22.78± 3.23 μg m −3 , in the summer. Due to rain and diffusion in the vertical atmosphere, PM 2.5 levels are lowest during the summer. The ± number for each season represents the standard deviation from the hourly average. AOD550nm data collected by MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) onboard two NASA satellites, Terra and Aqua, are compared with simultaneously observed PM2.5. With humidity correction factor f(RH), R 2 increases from 0.413 to 0.608 (in winter), 0.426 to 0.508 (in spring), and 0.083 to 0.293 (in autumn).The summer AOD data PM2.5 are not compared due to a lack of AOD observations. By comparing the column-integrated aerosol data with the surface-level aerosol concentration, this study illustrates the relevance of atmospheric parameters while investigating the reliability of PurpleAir measurements. A cluster analysis of five-day back trajectories of air masses arriving at different altitudes in different seasons indicates that long-range transport of air pollution contributes to MODIS's column integrated AOD by adding aerosol population.

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Impact of transported dust aerosols on precipitation over the Nepal Himalayas using convection-permitting WRF-Chem simulation

Cited by 6 publications

References 77 publications

Aerosol–precipitation elevation dependence over the central Himalayas using cloud-resolving WRF-Chem numerical modeling

Aerosol–precipitation elevation dependence over the central Himalayas using cloud-resolving WRF-Chem numerical modeling

Aerosols-precipitation elevation dependence over the Central Himalayas using cloud-resolving WRF-Chem numerical modeling

Analysis of Surface Level PM2.5 Measured by Low-Cost Sensor and Satellite-Based Column Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) over Kathmandu

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