Impact of Training Based on Orem's Theory on Self-Care Agency and Quality of Life in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a primary cause of death worldwide. CAD negatively affects individuals because it reduces their functional skills and self-care abilities and disrupts quality of life. Purpose This study was designed to assess the impact of a training program based on Orem's self-care deficit nursing theory (SCDNT) on self-care abilities and quality of life in patients with CAD. Methods This study was conducted using a randomized, controlled, pretest/posttest experimental design. One hundred two patients with CAD were divided evenly into either the intervention or control group, with sample randomization based on gender, age, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and Self-Care Agency Scale scores. For both groups, interviews were conducted in two sessions held, respectively, at the hospital and at home. Study data were collected using the patient information form, Self-Care Agency Scale, MacNew Heart Disease Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (MacNew), Quality of Life Questionnaire (15D), and training booklet. Results A highly significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of the average posttest scores on the Self-Care Agency Scale, MacNew, and 15D. For the intervention group, the posttest scores on the Self-Care Agency Scale, MacNew, and 15D were significantly higher than the pretest scores, whereas average pretest and posttest scores on these measures were similar for the control group. Conclusions The training program developed in this study based on Orem's SCDNT improved self-care agency as well as disease-specific and overall quality of life in patients with CAD. Nurses should pay attention to the CAD-related educational level of patients when teaching them how to live with their disease. Moreover, nurses should use Orem's SCDNT to strengthen the self-care agency of these patients to increase quality of life and the effectiveness of related education efforts. Finally, medical institutions and governments should develop appropriate education policies for patients at risk of CAD and for those with CAD.

Continuity of Nursing Care in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review

“…Therefore, various authors indicate that information and learning needs depend on sociodemographic characteristics [ 53 ]. This fact shows the need to create different personalised educational programs [ 52 ], according to the characteristics of each population, being accessible to all hospitals and primary care centres that care for patients with coronary artery disease [ 54 , 55 ].…”

Effect of a Nurse-Led Education Program for Stroke Patients on Sleep Quality and Quality of Life: A Randomized Controlled Study

“…However, patients need regular follow-up and education during this process. A few previous studies have evaluated the effect of health education provided to stroke patients on their quality of life (Bakir, 2019;Ezema et al, 2019;Tok Yıldız & Kaşıkçı, 2020). In a study by Kes (2020) evaluating the effect of stroke patients' coping attitudes on their quality of life, it was determined that stroke patients had moderate quality of life (Kes, 2020).…”

“…This form was prepared by the researcher based on the relevant literature (Kolcu & Ergun, 2020;Kulaksız, 2018;Tok Yıldız & Kaşıkçı, 2020) and consisted of 17 questions in total, 12 about the patient's descriptive characteristics (age, sex, weight, height, education level, employment status, income level, social insurance, marital status, members of household, smoking, and alcohol use) and 5 related to the patient's stroke and sleep (stroke type, stroke-affected area, presence of sleep problems, use of sleep medication, feeling upon waking). Patient height and weight were recorded from the patient's records and confirmed during the interview with the patients and their relatives.…”

The Relationship Between Self-Care Behavior and Concerns About Body Image in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Iran

“…Self-care is a viable strategy for acclimating to life events and stresses, which leads to independence and promotes health by sticking to treatment and performing routine life activities (17). Self-care is characterized as the performance of individual duties to protect life, health, and well-being, that are progressively made (18). Maintaining people's participation in self-care interventions is especially important when a patient has a chronic illness.…”