Impact of Trade and Fdi Liberalization Policies on the Malaysian Economy

FDI determinants: Kenya and Malaysia compared

“…As a result, two dummy variables are introduced from 1987 onwards marking the period when trade liberalization in both countries began in earnest. The same year was very symbolic in Malaysia as it marked a complete departure from the second round of import substitution to export orientation which was accompanied by trade reforms A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 10 including removal of FDI restrictions contained in the Incentives Act in the hope that foreign companies would revitalize the economy (Okamoto, 1994). 1967;1993 *,**,*** statistically significant at the 10, 5 and 1 percent level…”

Host country cultural influences on foreign direct investment

“…Dunning/Bansal 1997, van Den Bosch/van Prooijen 1992 by shaping a nation's ability to attract foreign firms. In addition to the direct effects, host country culture may also indirectly affect the competitiveness of nations because foreign firms enhance the levels of competition within a nation, thereby increasing the productivity of host country firms (Okamoto 1994, Porter 1998. Future research might specifically address the effects of culture on other facets of national competitiveness.…”

Asian Social Science, Vo. 6, No. 2, February, 2010. All in one PDF file.

“…Although Malaysia had successfully attracted FDI from the NIEs during the 1990s, the principle mode of technology acquisition however is not well integrated in such investment. The said situations reflect a minimal total factor productivity growth (TFP) during 1980s and 1990s as reported by Okamoto (1994) and Tham (1996).…”