Impact of tobacco smoking on disease-specific outcomes in common neurological disorders: A scoping review

Wahbeh, Farah; Restifo, Daniel; Laws, Sa'ad; Pawar, Anokhi; Parikh, Neal S

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2024.02.013

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 88 publications

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“…Therefore, the interaction between smoking and impaired cognitive flexibility seems to be a finding that needs to be supported with additional evidence on whether it is in which direction or if it is bidirectional. In the short term, it is known that nicotine can temporarily increase attention and concentration by binding to receptors in the brain, but in the long term, it is known to have negative effects on memory, attention, cognitive functions, and psychomotor functions [29,30]. Moreover, there is evidence supported by previous studies that smoking increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Smokers Versus Non-Smokers: Comparing Cognitive Flexibility and Dyspnea Symptoms in Medical Students

Erdoğan Kaya,

Durak

2024

Eur J Ther

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Objective: Smoking is an escalating public health concern globally, notably for its frequency among young individuals and the medical conditions it induces. This research aims to explore the association between smoking and the symptoms of dyspnea as well as cognitive flexibility levels in medical students. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 188 volunteer medical school students. Participants were administered a sociodemographic data form, the Dyspnea-12 Scale, and the Cognitive Flexibility Scale. The participants were divided into two groups as smokers and non-smokers and compared in terms of the applied scale scores. The data were analyzed using the appropriate statistical methods with IBM SPSS v.22 software. Results: Of the 188 participants, 56.9% (n:107) were female, while 43.1% (n: 81) were male. The prevalence of smoking among participants was 26.1% (n: 49), with rates at 38.3% (n:31) for males and 16.8% (n: 18) for females. The smoking rate was significantly higher in males (p<0.001). No significant difference was detected between smokers and non-smokers regarding the Dyspnea-12 score. However, the Cognitive Flexibility Scale scores were significantly lower in the smoker group (p:0.018). Conclusion: In our study, we found that the smoking rate among medical students was quite high and that smoking negatively affected cognitive flexibility. It may be beneficial to consider this when evaluating cognitive functions in educated individuals who smoke.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Smokers Versus Non-Smokers: Comparing Cognitive Flexibility and Dyspnea Symptoms in Medical Students

Erdoğan Kaya,

Durak

2024

Eur J Ther

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Secondary Bioactive Metabolites from Foods of Plant Origin as Theravention Agents against Neurodegenerative Disorders

Gomes,

Sousa,

Campos

et al. 2024

Foods

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Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) such as Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s (PD) are on the rise, robbing people of their memories and independence. While risk factors such as age and genetics play an important role, exciting studies suggest that a diet rich in foods from plant origin may offer a line of defense. These kinds of foods, namely fruits and vegetables, are packed with a plethora of powerful bioactive secondary metabolites (SBMs), including terpenoids, polyphenols, glucosinolates, phytosterols and capsaicinoids, which exhibit a wide range of biological activities including antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-Alzheimer’s, antiproliferative, and antimicrobial properties, associated with preventive effects in the development of chronic diseases mediated by oxidative stress such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, respiratory diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and NDDs. This review explores the potential of SBMs as theravention agents (metabolites with therapeutic and preventive action) against NDDs. By understanding the science behind plant-based prevention, we may be able to develop new strategies to promote brain health and prevent the rise in NDDs. The proposed review stands out by emphasizing the integration of multiple SBMs in plant-based foods and their potential in preventing NDDs. Previous research has often focused on individual compounds or specific foods, but this review aims to present a comprehensive fingerprint of how a diet rich in various SBMs can synergistically contribute to brain health. The risk factors related to NDD development and the diagnostic process, in addition to some examples of food-related products and medicinal plants that significantly reduce the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and β-site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), are highlighted.

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Impact of tobacco smoking on disease-specific outcomes in common neurological disorders: A scoping review

Cited by 2 publications

References 88 publications

Smokers Versus Non-Smokers: Comparing Cognitive Flexibility and Dyspnea Symptoms in Medical Students

Smokers Versus Non-Smokers: Comparing Cognitive Flexibility and Dyspnea Symptoms in Medical Students

Secondary Bioactive Metabolites from Foods of Plant Origin as Theravention Agents against Neurodegenerative Disorders

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