Impact of tillage-induced microtopography on hydrological-sediment connectivity and its hydrodynamic understanding

Luo, Jian; Zheng, Zicheng; Li, Tingxuan; He, Shuqin; Tarolli, Paolo

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2023.107168

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Under Inc rainfall conditions, the lower initial rainfall intensity resulted in lower kinetic energy of raindrops, which led to reduced detachment and transport capacity for sediment. Consequently, only loosely packed surface areas were eroded, resulting in lower runoff volume and sediment yield [29]. In contrast, the Dec pattern had higher initial kinetic energy, which had a more pronounced effect on altering surface microtopography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bedrock Fragment Induced by Intensive Tillage Effect on Hydrological Properties and Erosion Processes under Different Rainfall Patterns

Wang,

He,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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To investigate the influence of bedrock fragmentation by intensive tillage on the hydrological characteristics and soil erosion processes on slopes, two experimental treatments (soil–bedrock mixtures, WB, and pure soil, CK) in steel tanks were subjected to simulated rainfall under five rainfall patterns (constant, increasing, decreasing, decreasing–increasing, and increasing–decreasing) with the same total rainfall of 90 mm. For each rainfall event, runoff and sediment concentration were sampled at regular intervals. The flow velocity (v), effective/critical shear stress (τ/τc), Darcy–Weisbach resistance coefficient (f), unit stream power (p), and soil erodibility factor (Kr) were calculated to analyze the differences in hydrodynamic characteristics between the WB and CK. Our experimental findings show that significant differences in runoff volume and sediment yield were observed among different rainfall patterns and stages. Bedrock fragmenting significantly promoted runoff and sediment production under different rainfall patterns, with runoff volume and sediment yield increasing by averages of 59.29% and 71.62%, respectively. An increasing trend in average contribution rate of bedrock to runoff volume and sediment yield was observed across three distinct intensities: 6.37% and 4.61% for 30 mm h−1, 12.53% and 7.53% for 90 mm h−1, as well as 14.79% and 36.98% for 150 mm h−1, respectively. The v and p values under various rainfall patterns exhibited an increasing trend from the upper to the bottom slope positions, whereas the f and τ values showed an opposite trend, regardless of the WB and CK. Compared with the CK, the v, f, and p values for the WB increased by 23.34% to 48.94%, 1.59% to 53.16%, and 3.86% to 27.86%, respectively, whereas the τ value decreased by 1.52% to 22.19% for varying-intensity rainfall patterns. Among the variable rainfall patterns, the WB significantly increased sediment yield and also had a promoting effect on runoff generation. However, the WB displayed better erosion resistance compared to the CK under constant rainfall patterns. Therefore, varied-intensity patterns had a profound impact on bedrock-induced runoff and sediment transport processes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bedrock Fragment Induced by Intensive Tillage Effect on Hydrological Properties and Erosion Processes under Different Rainfall Patterns

Wang,

He,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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“…This was mainly because the continuous development of rills resulted in increased rill density and resistance of the rill bed, which weakened the runoff energy and hydrological connectivity, ultimately reducing the flow velocity of the rills [15]. In addition, the response of surface microtopography to soil erosion varies with changes in hydrological sediment connectivity [46], and the formation of rills results in increased hydrological sediment connectivity on tilled slopes; therefore, flow velocity increases with the evolution of water erosion [47].…”

Section: Changes In Flow Hydraulics During Rill Erosive Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Hydrodynamic Characteristics to Tillage-Induced Microtopography of Rill Erosion Processes under Heavy Rainfalls

He,

Luo,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Land

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The occurrence and development of rill erosion depends on the hydraulic characteristics of water flow and underlying soil surface features. Our experiments include one-rainfall-intensity treatments (2.0 mm min−1) and various microtopographic levels based on different tillage practices with smooth slope (CK), artificial digging (AD), and ridge tillage (RT) on a 15° slope. The results indicate the following: (1) The soil roughness index values were in the order of CK < AD < RT, and the spatial variability of different tillage practices had strong autocorrelations during different rill erosive stages. The codomain values decreased with the increase in microtopography. (2) The multifractal dimension values of tillage practices in various erosive stages were in the order of RT > AD > CT. The microtopography of different tilled slopes showed strong multifractal characteristics, and the multifractal characteristics were stronger as the microrelief heterogeneity increased. For the CK slope, the generalized fractal dimension span (ΔD) ranged between 0.0019 and 0.0058. For the AD slope, ΔD was between 0.2901 and 0.5112. And, for the RT slope, ΔD was between 0.4235 and 0.7626. (3) With the evolution of rill erosion, the flow pattern on different tilled slopes changed from subcritical transition flow to supercritical transition flow. (4) Soil roughness index and ΔD had good correlations with hydrodynamic parameters. The stronger the erosive energy of runoff was, the higher the spatial heterogeneity of microtopography was. This study is expected to provide a theoretical basis for revealing the hydrodynamic mechanism of rill erosion in slope farmland.

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“…In rainfed agricultural lands across the Mediterranean region, where high-intensity rainstorms are frequent during autumn and spring [10,11], soil-conservation measures (e.g., mulching, cover cropping, and conservation tillage) can significantly mitigate the loss of runoff water and improve crops' water-use efficiency, simultaneously reinforcing nutrient cycling and increasing aggregate stability [12,13]. Further, long-term climatic trends across the eastern Mediterranean region indicate that precipitation variability is increasing, resulting in extensive drought years, which impact both the soil-water availability and runoff-rainfall ratio [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Runoff Mitigation in Croplands: Evaluating the Benefits of Straw Mulching and Polyacrylamide Techniques

Argaman

Stavi

2023

Agronomy

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Water loss through surface runoff is a significant constraint for rainfed agricultural lands across the Mediterranean region. Using straw-mulch cover (SMC) as a runoff mitigator has been successfully utilized to negate the impact of raindrop splashing. However, this practice is uncommon due to the high demand for crop residue as feed or fodder for livestock. Therefore, the application of synthetic polyacrylamide (PAM) has become a common practice. Although many studies have shown the positive impact of PAM on runoff control, most were conducted under laboratory conditions, where interactions with crop phenology and runoff dynamics were disregarded. In this study, on-site rainfall simulation was used to determine the efficiency of PAM and SMC to control runoff from foxtail millet (Setaria italica) fields under three seasonal conditions: (1) high-intensity rainfall, characteristic of autumn, on bare soil surfaces; (2) moderate-intensity rainfall, characteristic of winter, following crop tillering; and (3) high-intensity rainfall, characteristic of spring, following the flowering phase. The effect of SMC during the autumn and spring simulations was significantly better than that of the PAM and control treatments. For the winter simulation, runoff rates and runoff ratios were similar for all treatments. The most prominent finding was obtained for the spring simulation, where SMC yielded no runoff, whereas the PAM and control treatments yielded similar runoff rates and runoff ratios.

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Impact of tillage-induced microtopography on hydrological-sediment connectivity and its hydrodynamic understanding

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

Bedrock Fragment Induced by Intensive Tillage Effect on Hydrological Properties and Erosion Processes under Different Rainfall Patterns

Bedrock Fragment Induced by Intensive Tillage Effect on Hydrological Properties and Erosion Processes under Different Rainfall Patterns

Response of Hydrodynamic Characteristics to Tillage-Induced Microtopography of Rill Erosion Processes under Heavy Rainfalls

Runoff Mitigation in Croplands: Evaluating the Benefits of Straw Mulching and Polyacrylamide Techniques

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