Impact of thermal proofing of a church on its indoor air quality: The combustion of candles and incense as a source of pollution

Huynh, Cong Khanh; Savolainen, H.; Vu-Duc, Trinh; Guillemin, Michel; Iselin, François

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(91)90318-9

Cited by 47 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In this study, the values of IcdP/ (IcdP + BghiP) ratios were much higher than the concentration of PAH found at temples in Taiwan (Li and Ro, 2000;Lin et al, 2002). Incense burning was also found to be related to the high emission levels of BaP, FLA, PYR and BghiP (Huynh et al, 1991;Li and Ro, 2000). However, in this study the results were different, implied that incense burning had a small influence on the samples of this study seemingly.…”

Section: Source Diagnosticscontrasting

confidence: 51%

Diurnal and nocturnal variations of PAHs in the Lhasa atmosphere, Tibetan Plateau: Implication for local sources and the impact of atmospheric degradation processing

Liu

Lin

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Research

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Section: Source Diagnosticscontrasting

confidence: 51%

Diurnal and nocturnal variations of PAHs in the Lhasa atmosphere, Tibetan Plateau: Implication for local sources and the impact of atmospheric degradation processing

Liu

Lin

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Research

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“…The most abundant PAHs in the analysed samples collected were benzo[b+k] fluoranthene, Pyr and BghiP for the indoor and benzo[b+k]fluoranthene, IP and BghiP for the outdoor environment. It was believed that the emissions of Pyr and BghiP were largely related to incense burning [26] although BghiP is also strongly associated with motor vehicles and can be present at high concentrations (0.22-4.8 ngWm -3 ) in ambient air [27]. Benzo[b+k]fluoranthene was reported to be abundant in aerosols collected in Guangzhou, China, where traffic emissions are also heavy [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Aliphatic Hydrocarbons in Air Particulate Samples in Homes

Chao¹,

Yeung²,

Choi³

2002

Indoor Built Environ

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Quantifications of 10 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 13 aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHs) ranging from n-C20 to n-C32 were reported in 17 homes and their adjacent outdoor environment in Hong Kong. It was found that PAHs were predominantly associated with PM_1.9, which contributed about 98 and 97% to the indoor and outdoor PM₁₀ PAHs, respectively. Also, indoor PAH levels seemed to be lower than outdoor PAH levels, both in the fine mode and in the coarse mode particles. The mean total PAH content in the indoor PM₁₀ was found to be 3.42 ng·m^–3 and it was 5.18 ng·m^–3 in the outdoor PM₁₀. It might demonstrate that there was no presence of indoor PAH sources in these homes. In contrast to PAH, AH levels were found to be higher indoors both in the fine mode and in the coarse mode particles. In addition, the concentrations of indoor and outdoor AH were significantly higher than their corresponding PAH levels. The mean total AH content in the indoor PM₁₀ was 104.42 ng·m^–3 and 94.06 ng·m^–3 in the outdoor PM₁₀. For PM_1.9, the total indoor AH content was 80.40 ng·m^–3 and the outdoor content was 70.55 ng·m^–3 on average. The distribution patterns of the indoor and outdoor AHs were similar, with maximum AH concentration varying from n-C27 to n-C31. The carbon preference indexes, which ranged from 0.84 to 2.62 for indoor and from 1.13 to 3.89 for outdoor environment, indicate the mixed origin of biogenic and anthropogenic sources in these homes.

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“…In a church in Geneva, Switzerland, Huynh et al [32] found that incense burning was a significant source of car cinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.…”

Section: Other Combustion Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Air Pollution from Combustion Sources in Developing Countries

Leslie¹,

Haraprasad²

1993

Indoor Built Environ

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Most of the literature on indoor air quality deals with the problems of the affluent western world, such as the optimal working of HVAC systems and limiting the emissions of potentially toxic material from furnishings and fabrics made from synthetic materials. However, two thirds of all people live in developing countries and are exposed to quite distinct hazards in the indoor environment. The main problem here is respiratory ill health that arises from the uptake of combustion products, which come from the extensive use of biomass fuels for heating, cooking and lighting, from road traffic and industrial sources. It is concluded that developing countries should identify their own specific problems and concentrate on dealing with these, rather than depending upon solutions that may be appropriate only in developed countries.

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Impact of thermal proofing of a church on its indoor air quality: The combustion of candles and incense as a source of pollution

Cited by 47 publications

References 4 publications

Diurnal and nocturnal variations of PAHs in the Lhasa atmosphere, Tibetan Plateau: Implication for local sources and the impact of atmospheric degradation processing

Diurnal and nocturnal variations of PAHs in the Lhasa atmosphere, Tibetan Plateau: Implication for local sources and the impact of atmospheric degradation processing

Quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Aliphatic Hydrocarbons in Air Particulate Samples in Homes

Indoor Air Pollution from Combustion Sources in Developing Countries

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