Impact of the wall roughness on the quality of micrometric nozzles manufactured from fused silica by different laser processing techniques

Tomkus, Vidmantas; Girdauskas, Valdas; Dudutis, Juozas; Gečys, Paulius; Stankevič, Valdemar; Račiukaitis, Gediminas

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.03.007

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This technique allowed the precise 2.5D processing with high material removal rate reaching 0.07 mm 3 /s for the inner converging-diverging channel with only a 1.7 W average laser power. The average peak-to-valley distance of the milled surface does not exceed 10 µm using this technique [30].…”

Section: Gas Nozzles For Lpa Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Tomographic characterization of gas jets for laser-plasma acceleration with increased sensitivity

Chaulagain

Karatodorov

Raclavský

et al. 2021

International Conference on X-Ray Lasers 2020

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We present a new interferometric technique for gas jets density characterization employing a Wollaston shearing interferometer. The distinctive feature of this setup is the double pass of the probe beam through the gas target facilitated by a relay-imaging object arm that images the object on itself and preserves the spatial information. The double pass results in two-fold increase of sensitivity at the same time as the relay-imaging enables the characterization of gas jets with arbitrary gas density distribution by tomographic reconstruction. The capabilities of the double-pass Wollaston interferometer are demonstrated by tomographic density reconstruction of rotationally non-symmetric gas jets that are used as gas targets for the betatron X-ray source at ELI-Beamlines.

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Section: Gas Nozzles For Lpa Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Tomographic characterization of gas jets for laser-plasma acceleration with increased sensitivity

Chaulagain

Karatodorov

Raclavský

et al. 2021

International Conference on X-Ray Lasers 2020

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“…This step was required due to the incapability of the rear-side machining technique to fabricate high negative taper angles, which are unavoidable in the configuration of converging-diverging Laval nozzles. Additionally, the output surface of nozzles with small channels was mechanically polished to reduce the gas concentration drop due to the chamfered edges 30 . For the formation of structures smaller than 200 μm, the femtosecond laser-induced selective chemical etching FLICE technique was implemented.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the modest pressure of 20–60 bar fused silica nozzles ensure significantly longer operation times than metallic or polymeric nozzles. Laser-assisted hybrid microfabrication technique 29 , 30 of fused silica allows the formation of centimetre-size frame and channels of the diameter less than 40 μm with the surface roughness < 1 μm from a single block. The formation quality exceeds the precision of 3D printing 31 and electro-erosion technique 32 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser wakefield accelerated electron beams and betatron radiation from multijet gas targets

Tomkus

Girdauskas

Dudutis

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Laser Plasma Wakefield Accelerated (LWFA) electron beams and efficiency of betatron X-ray sources is studied using laser micromachined supersonic gas jet nozzle arrays. Separate sections of the target are used for the injection, acceleration and enhancement of electron oscillation. In this report, we present the results of LWFA and X-ray generation using dynamic gas density grid built by shock-waves of colliding jets. The experiment was done with the 40 TW, 35 fs laser at the Lund Laser Centre. Electron energies of 30–150 MeV and 1.0 × 108–5.5 × 108 photons per shot of betatron radiation have been measured. The implementation of the betatron source with separate regions of LWFA and plasma density grid raised the efficiency of X-ray generation and increased the number of photons per shot by a factor of 2–3 relative to a single-jet gas target source.

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“…Although additive manufacturing processes like stereolithography and selective laser sintering are also limited to throat diameters down to 1 mm, complex channels are manufactured in a single step (Döpp et al 2016;Andrianaki et al 2023). Femtosecond laser-induced chemical etching (FLICE), laser trepanning and electrical discharge machining (EDM) can be used to produce diameters smaller than 100 µm (Takahashi et al 2013;Tomkus et al 2019;Chiomento et al 2021;Zuffi et al 2022). However, de Laval-shaped channel formation is typically a two-step process for laser trepanning and EDM techniques (Li et al 2018;Chiomento et al 2021;Zuffi et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FLICE technique is more flexible as converging-diverging channels can be formed from one side, and additional alignment and coupling steps can be avoided (Rovige et al 2021). However, FLICE, laser trepanning or EDM of micrometre-scale diameters are limited to low millimetre-scale depths (Takahashi et al 2013;Tomkus et al 2019;Chiomento et al 2021). For larger nozzles, nanosecond rear-side milling is an appealing approach, as centimetre-sized nozzles can be formed with channel diameters down to 100 µm (Tomkus et al 2018;Chaulagain et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-machined two-stage nozzle optimised for laser wakefield acceleration

Tomkus,

Mackevičiūtė,

Dudutis

et al. 2024

J. Plasma Phys.

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In this paper, the modelling and manufacturing of a two-stage supersonic gas jet nozzle enabling the formation of adaptive plasma concentration profiles for injection and acceleration of electrons using few-cycle laser beams are presented. The stages are modelled using the rhoSimpleFoam algorithm of the OpenFOAM computational fluid dynamics software. The first 200–300 ${\rm \mu}$ m diameter nozzle stage is dedicated to 1 % N2 + He gas jet formation and electron injection. By varying the pressure between the first and second stages of the injectors, the electron injection location could be adjusted, and the maximum acceleration distance could be ensured. By changing the concentration of the nitrogen in the gas mixture, the charge of the accelerated electrons could be controlled. The second nozzle stage is designed for acceleration in fully ionised He or hydrogen gas and forms the optimal plasma concentration for bubble formation depending on the laser pulse energy, duration and focused beam diameter. In order to reduce the diameter of the plasma profile formed by the first nozzle and the concentration drop gap between the two nozzles, a one-side straight section was introduced in the first nozzle. The shock wave reflected from the straight section of the wall propagates parallel to the shock wave of the intersecting supersonic jets and ensures a minimal gap between the jets. The second-stage longitudinal plasma concentration profile could have an increasing gas density gradient to compensate for dephasing between the electron bunch and the plasma wave due to wave shortening with increasing plasma concentration.

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Impact of the wall roughness on the quality of micrometric nozzles manufactured from fused silica by different laser processing techniques

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Tomographic characterization of gas jets for laser-plasma acceleration with increased sensitivity

Tomographic characterization of gas jets for laser-plasma acceleration with increased sensitivity

Laser wakefield accelerated electron beams and betatron radiation from multijet gas targets

Laser-machined two-stage nozzle optimised for laser wakefield acceleration

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