Impact of the sponge structure of a multilayer sand filter on the treatment of domestic sewage with an increased content of ammonia nitrogen

Dacewicz, Ewa

doi:10.15576/asp.fc/2020.19.2.53

Cited by 2 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The first included brand new cylindrical foams measuring 2.5 cm × 13 cm (Novel Foams NF, Rossmann, Łódź, Łódź Province, Poland), while the second group involved waste scrap material (Waste Foams; WF, Eurofoam, Zgierz, Łódź Province, Poland). This material was a mixture of flexible PUR foam strips of irregular (random) shapes and dimensions from 3 to 35 mm [ 30 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The open pore size distribution in the analyzed flexible PUR foams, determined by the minimum and maximum Feret diameter, was presented by Dacewicz [ 30 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research on the use of brand new foams and waste foams for direct treatment of domestic sewage characterized by an increased content of ammonium nitrogen and a low C/N ratio, was carried out in two vertical flow filters. The structure of a single experimental filter was presented by Dacewicz [ 30 , 33 , 39 , 40 ] and Dacewicz et al [ 35 ]. The filters were operated automatically with a time controller.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percentage of foams used in the experiment and the pore content of the samples, determined as per Feret diameters [30], are summarized in Table 4. SEM analysis of the reference NF foams revealed lower roughness of their surface.…”

Section: Pore Size Porosity and Specific Surface Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percentage of foams used in the experiment and the pore content of the samples, determined as per Feret diameters [30], are summarized in Table 4. The porosity measured by digital image analysis [30] turned out to be lower than the open porosity determined by the hydrostatic method. The open pore content of the NF foams averaged 75.3%, while the pore content of the WF foams ranged from 53.0% to 63.5%.…”

Section: Pore Size Porosity and Specific Surface Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyurethane Foams for Domestic Sewage Treatment

Dacewicz

Grzybowska-Pietras

2021

Materials

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The aim of the study was to assess the possibility of using polyurethane foams (PUF) as a filling of a foam-sand filter to directly treat domestic sewage with increased content of ammonium nitrogen and low organic carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N). The study compared performance of two types of flexible foams: new, cylinder-shaped material (Novel Foams, NF) and waste, scrap foams (Waste Foams, WF). The foams serving as a filling of two segments of a foam-sand filter were assessed for their hydrophobic and physical properties and were tested for their cell structure, i.e., cell diameter, cell size distribution, porosity, and specific surface area. The study accounted also for selected application-related properties, such as hydrophobicity, water absorption, apparent density, dimensional stability, amount of adsorbed biomass, and the possibility of regeneration. Cell morphology was compared in reference foams, foams after 14 months of the filter operation, and regenerated foams. The experimental outcomes indicated WF as an innovative type of biomass carrier for treating domestic sewage with low C/N ratio. SEM images showed that immobilization of microorganisms in NF and WF matrices involved the formation of multi-cellular structures attached to the inner surface of the polyurethane and attachment of single bacterial cells to the foam surface. The amount of adsorbed biomass confirmed that the foam-sand filter made up of two upper layers of waste foams (with diameters and pore content of 0.50–1.53 mm and 53.0–63.5% respectively) provided highly favorable conditions for the development of active microorganisms.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The open pore size distribution in the analyzed flexible PUR foams, determined by the minimum and maximum Feret diameter, was presented by Dacewicz [ 30 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pore Size Porosity and Specific Surface Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pore Size Porosity and Specific Surface Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyurethane Foams for Domestic Sewage Treatment

Dacewicz

Grzybowska-Pietras

2021

Materials

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Waste Polyurethane Foams as Biomass Carriers in the Treatment Process of Domestic Sewage with Increased Ammonium Nitrogen Content

Dacewicz

Lenart‐Boroń

2023

Materials

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In order to understand the mechanisms of microbial growth on waste polyurethane sponge materials, their effectiveness as biomass carriers in domestic sewage with increased ammonium nitrogen content treatment was assessed. Comparative experiments were carried out in microreactors under steady conditions of batch culture, which allowed for an assessment of different carriers, in the form of flexible foams, rigid foams, and flexible foams placed in full casings. In the studies conducted in continuous cultures, biomass carriers selected in batch culture were used as fillings in the column model. The structure of the microbial community inhabiting the spongy material was determined and the pollutant-removing process from real domestic sewage was assessed. Analyzes using the Illumina sequencing technique allowed for demonstrating that Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira were the predominant nitrifiers in the biomass carrier in the form of waste polyurethane foams (PUF). It was found that anammox bacteria, the presence of which—as unidentified Planctomycetes—was confirmed in the polyurethane sponge material, were also responsible for the high removal of N-NH4+. Burkholderia and Sphingopyxis phyla were identified as the dominant denitrifying bacteria involved in the treatment of domestic sewage with increased content of ammonium nitrogen. The biomass carrier in the form of waste PUF placed additionally in full casings proved to be more beneficial for the proliferation of bacteria involved in nitrification and denitrification processes. On the other hand, waste foams without casings proved to be more suitable for the growth of microorganisms known to perform partial denitrification and may accumulate nitrites (Staphylococcus, Dokdonella). Additionally, the presence of Devosia and Pseudonocardia, which participated in the phosphorus removal process, was found in the waste PUR foams.

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Impact of the sponge structure of a multilayer sand filter on the treatment of domestic sewage with an increased content of ammonia nitrogen

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Polyurethane Foams for Domestic Sewage Treatment

Polyurethane Foams for Domestic Sewage Treatment

Waste Polyurethane Foams as Biomass Carriers in the Treatment Process of Domestic Sewage with Increased Ammonium Nitrogen Content

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