“…This number is significantly smaller than the degrees of freedom in typical finite element models of phonation which is often in the order of tens of thousands, thus significantly improving computational efficiency. With the improved computational efficiency, this reduced-order model has been used in a series of large-scale, three-dimensional, parametric studies, using either simplified [97][98][99] or MRI-based realistic vocal fold geometry [93,100]. The large number of conditions investigated (about 200,000 vocal fold conditions) allowed for the first time a systematic investigation of the global cause-effect relationship between vocal fold physiology (vocal fold geometry, stiffness, and subglottal pressure) and voice outcomes (vocal fold vibration, glottal flow, and voice acoustics) in a large range of vocal conditions.…”