Impact of the OSHA Trench and Excavation Standard on Fatal Injury in the Construction Industry

Suruda, Anthony; Whitaker, Brad; Bloswick, Donald S.; Philips, Peter; Sesek, Richard

doi:10.1097/00043764-200210000-00007

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…There was moderately strong evidence that the introduction of OHS legislation has an effect on reducing injuries and fatalities based on these ten medium quality studies (table 1). Studies considered the introduction of different legislations such as broad OHS regulations (31,44,46), self-regulation (45), machine regulation (32), mine safety regulation (34), needle stick regulation (38) vertical fall arrest standard (47), and standards introduced in manufacturing (35,36). Violence-assault rates among hospital workers were assessed on a study where the Hospital Safety and Security Act in California in 1995 reduced assault rates by around 50% in the follow-up period (33).…”

Section: Introduction Of Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic literature review on the effects of occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions at the workplace

Andersen

Malmros²,

Ebbehoej³

et al. 2018

Scand J Work Environ Health

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This meta-analysis showed moderately strong evidence for improvement by occupational health and safety (OHS) legislation and inspections with respect to injuries and fatalities, while limited evidence is available for effects of training, campaigns and introduction of technical devices. Studies of intervention targeted at reducing psychological and musculoskeletal disorders are few and inconclusive. Further studies of the effect of OHS interventions are strongly warranted. Affiliation:Refers to the following text of the Journal: 2007;33(2):85-95Objectives The aim of this review was to assess the evidence that occupational safety and health (OSH) legislative and regulatory policy could improve the working environment in terms of reduced levels of industrial injuries and fatalities, musculoskeletal disorders, worker complaints, sick leave, and adverse occupational exposures. MethodsA systematic literature review covering the years 1966-2017 (February) was undertaken to capture both published and gray literature studies of OSH work environment interventions with quantitative measures of intervention effects. Studies that met specified in-and exclusion criteria went through an assessment of methodological quality. Included studies were grouped into five thematic domains: (i) introduction of OHS legislation, (ii) inspection/enforcement activity, (iii) training, such as improving knowledge, (iv), campaigns, and (v) introduction of technical device, such as mechanical lifting aids. The evidence synthesis was based on meta-analysis and a modified Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. ResultsThe search for peer-reviewed literature identified 14 743 journal articles of which 45 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were eligible for meta-analysis. We identified 5181 articles and reports in the gray literature, of which 16 were evaluated qualitatively. There was moderately strong evidence for improvement by OHS legislation and inspections with respect to injuries and compliance.Conclusions This review indicates that legislative and regulatory policy may reduce injuries and fatalities and improve compliance with OHS regulation. A major research gap was identified with respect to the effects of OSH regulation targeting psychological and musculoskeletal disorders.

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Section: Introduction Of Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic literature review on the effects of occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions at the workplace

Andersen

Malmros²,

Ebbehoej³

et al. 2018

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…Prevention strategies against injuries are many and different [6,7,10,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. The meta-analysis results indicate that data relating to fatal injuries show a progressive and constant decrease over a medium-to long-term period.…”

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of studies examining long-term construction injury rates

Sancini¹,

Fioravanti²,

Gm³

et al. 2012

Occupational Medicine

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Background The construction industry is one of the employment sectors with the highest risk of injuries. AimsTo evaluate the injury trend in the construction industry from data published from 1987 to 2010. MethodsAll papers with at least two measurements of injuries within a medium-to long-term period were included. The numbers of fatal and non-fatal injuries were examined in two separate groups: 100 000 workers per year and 200 000 worked hours per year. ResultsAll injuries significantly decreased between the first and the second measurement, with fatal injuries decreasing by 35% and non-fatal ones by 33% in workers/year and by 22% in worked hours/year. There was high heterogeneity among the sources of data for workers/year index (I 2 = 49% for fatal injuries, 99% for non-fatal injuries) but no heterogeneity for worked hours/year index (I 2 = 0). Metaregression analysis showed a significant linear relationship between time and risk reduction for fatal injuries (r = 0.63; P < 0.001; a 6% reduction per year); trend reduction for non-fatal injuries was not related to the time taken between the measurements.Conclusions Fatal injuries have a reduction trend that depends on large interventions, whereas non-fatal injuries are more prone to episodic changes. Furthermore, while the workers/year index allows easier evaluation of the injury rate variation in a single working environment, the worked hours/year index is better at comparing the injury rate variation in different working environments because it reduces the sources of heterogeneity.

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“…There has been extensive research on deaths due to trenching, especially cave-ins (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1985;Rees, 1977;Suruda, Castillo, Helmkamp, & Pettit, 1994;Suruda, Smith, & Baker, 1988;Suruda, Whitaker, Bloswick, Philips, & Sesek, 2002;Twardowski, 1997). Estimates vary, but data based on the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI), a United States Bureau of Labor Statistics database, for 1992-1999 identified 54 deaths per year from trenching for all industries except mining and shipbuilding (The Center to Protect Workers' Rights, 2002).…”

Section: Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy equipment and truck-related deaths on excavation work sites

McCann¹

2006

Journal of Safety Research

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Impact of the OSHA Trench and Excavation Standard on Fatal Injury in the Construction Industry

Cited by 27 publications

References 6 publications

Systematic literature review on the effects of occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions at the workplace

Systematic literature review on the effects of occupational safety and health (OSH) interventions at the workplace

Meta-analysis of studies examining long-term construction injury rates

Heavy equipment and truck-related deaths on excavation work sites

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