Impact of the natural resource of UVB on the content of vitamin D2 in oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) under subtropical settings

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency is a pandemic problem. Non-animal source of vitamin D is obtained from edible mushrooms. Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) was sliced into the size of 1 cm3, 4 cm3 and 9 cm3, and treated with the sun as a natural resource of UVB under subtropical settings in Ethiopia. The content of vitamin D was measured by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After sun treatment, there was a significant increment in the content of vitamin D2 from nil to 67.4 ± 28.0 µg/g dry weight (DW). Based on the results of the overall pairwise comparisons, 1 cm3 size of slice group had the highest content of vitamin D2. Duration of sun exposure, sizes of mushroom slices and moisture content were identified as determining factors for vitamin D2 synthesis. Exposing slices of oyster mushroom to the sunlight for <30 min provides the amount that satisfies the current recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of vitamin D without any visible change in color and texture. Thus, sun treatment of oyster mushroom is an effective and economically cheap strategy in the fight against vitamin D deficiency.

Environmental effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and interactions with climate change: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2020

“…In most studies where UV-B radiation has been manipulated, it has been applied prior to harvest (i.e., preharvest), or following harvest (i.e., postharvest). Species studied in this context include beetroot [ 200 ], broccoli [ 201 ], ginseng [ 202 ], prickly pear [ 203 ], blueberry [ 204 ], and even mushrooms [ 205 ]. In certain varieties of peach, these treatments have helped maintain the weight, firmness, and vitamin C content of the fruit, which increases its quality, value, and shelf-life [ 206 – 208 ].…”

Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for urinary tract infection in women at reproductive age

“…To begin with the immune system both innate and adaptive systems need vitamin D for better functioning and responding to infection and inflammation ( Winzberg and Jones, 2013 ). As we clarify before how the immune system needs vitamin D in activation of white blood cells and increase the infected cell clearance by interleukins and cytokines, also cathelicidin is stimulated and activated by vitamin D ( Keflie et al, 2019 ). These immune effects are crucial key factor that explain the search for vitamin D deficiency among patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection.…”

“…The participants below the age of 18 were added in the study after their guardians’ consent. We choose women at reproductive age for this study for few reasons include (women are more prone to UTI than men because of anatomy difference between the two, also not children because of same reason and other factor like ureteric reflux, not pregnant women because of difference in immune response as hypo-or hyper immune response) ( Keflie et al, 2019 ). Furthermore, women with history of recurrent urinary infection also included which make few cases the study.…”

“…Now studies focus on the non-classical functions of vitamin D, i.e. other than its effects on bone metabolism, these include effect on immune system (both the innate and adaptive) such as cell proliferation and differentiation as well as immunologic effects resulting incapability to maintain tolerance and promotion of protective immunity ( Keflie et al, 2019 ). In one hand the innate immune system enhanced by vitamin D via inducing an antimicrobial peptide called cathelicidin that assists in infection prevention.…”

Consumption of Sun-Exposed Oyster Mushrooms Help Patients Fight Tuberculosis

“…Sun-exposure produced a sufficient amount of vitamin D 2 in mushrooms. Our previous study revealed that sun-exposed oyster mushroom is an excellent resource of vitamin D which is comparable to the content of vitamin D 3 in cod liver oil [16]. Having this, we hypothesized that sun-exposed mushroom has an impact on TB.…”