Impact of the Mode of Extraction on the Lipidomic Profile of Oils Obtained from Selected Amazonian Fruits

Abstract

Oils and fats are important raw materials in food products, animal feed, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals among others. The market today is dominated by oils derive, d from African palm, soybean, oilseed and animal fats. Colombia’s Amazon region has endemic palms such as Euterpe precatoria (açai), Oenocarpus bataua (patawa), and Mauritia flexuosa (buriti) which grow in abundance and produce a large amount of ethereal extract. However, as these oils have never been used for any economic purpose, little is known about their chemical composition or their potential as natural ingredients for the cosmetics or food industries. In order to fill this gap, we decided to characterize the lipids present in the fruits of these palms. We began by extracting the oils using mechanical and solvent-based approaches. The oils were evaluated by quantifying the quality indices and their lipidomic profiles. The main components of these profiles were triglycerides, followed by diglycerides, fatty acids, acylcarnitine, ceramides, ergosterol, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, and sphingolipids. The results suggest that solvent extraction helped increase the diglyceride concentration in the three analyzed fruits. Unsaturated lipids were predominant in all three fruits and triolein was the most abundant compound. Characterization of the oils provides important insights into the way they might behave as potential ingredients of a range of products. The sustainable use of these oils may have considerable economic potential.

Supercritical Fluid Extraction from Aguaje (Mauritia Flexuosa) Pulp: Overall Yield, Kinetic, Fatty Acid Profile, and Qualitative Phytochemical Profile

“…pressing [4], and continuous [11]. The results obtained were superior to the OEY of extraction with petroleum benzene [11] at pressures of 350 and 400 bar for the two isotherms (Fig.…”

“…Although the extraction of lipids with organic solvents is efficient [11,12], there is a potential risk to human health, for instance, cancer and other diseases, due to traces of these toxic solvents and the possible reactions that can trigger ethereal extracts. Cold mechanical extraction presents variable yields depending on the extraction temperature [4,11]. Furthermore, the extraction is not selective; then, filtering and neutralization operations with NaOH are necessary.…”

“…The solubility of lipid compounds in sc-CO 2 varies with both temperature and pressure, directly affecting the lipid compounds' vapor pressure and the density of CO 2 (therefore, its solvation power) [16]. As Aguaje oil is a complex mixture of compounds [5,11] and aiming at complete extraction, it is pertinent to evaluate the effect of pressure on the extraction yield in shorter pressure intervals (every 50 bar).…”

“…Aguaje oil has a significant amount of fatty acids, predominantly unsaturated fatty acids [4,11]. There is no report in the literature on the effect of SFE conditions on the fatty acid composition of Aguaje oil.…”

Analysis of Malassezia Lipidome Disclosed Differences Among the Species and Reveals Presence of Unusual Yeast Lipids

“…Extraction was carried out using a biphasic solvent system of cold methanol, methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE), and water. The extraction was followed by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC), and the chromatographic analysis was performed as reported by Cardona Jaramillo et al ( 2019 ). The separation was carried out in a Waters charged surface hybrid (CSH™) column, UHPLC CHS C18 (100 mm × 2.1 mm × 1.7 μm; Waters Corporation, MA, USA).…”