Impact of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcanic eruption on the changes observed over the Indian near-equatorial ionosphere

Rakesh, V.; Haridas, Sreekumar; Sivan, C.; Manoj, M. G.; Abhilash, S.; Paul, Binu; Unnikrishnan, K. P.; Mohanakumar, K.; Chandran, R. Sumesh

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2022.07.004

Cited by 10 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The fluctuations in the VTEC that were observed at HYD corroborate with the recent findings on the observed temporal variations in VTEC and S4 index over Changanacherry (Kerala, India) around 15.30 UT on 15 January 2022, deduced from GPS, GLONASS, and GALILEO constellations (Rakesh et al, 2022). These consistent observations suggest that these locations have undergone simultaneous changes in the ionosphere as a result of the volcanic eruption in Tonga.…”

Section: Modification In Vtec Corresponding To Pty and Miksupporting

confidence: 88%

Lightning and Gravity Wave Signatures Produced by the Hunga‐Tonga Volcanic Eruption on Global Geomagnetic Data

Chandrasekhar,

Archana,

Arora

2023

JGR Space Physics

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Acoustic gravity waves (AGWs) have a significant impact on the thermosphere‐ionosphere (T‐I) system by increasing ionisation variability, transporting energy, velocity, momentum, and creating additional horizontal gradients in the T‐I, all of which influence electromagnetic wave propagation and cause changes in the geomagnetic field. Ground magnetic disturbance measurements can thus map the global and local spatial distribution of T‐I current systems. The Hunga‐Tonga volcano eruption released a tremendous amount of mass and energy into the atmosphere on 15 January 2022, causing AGWs. Furthermore, the related lightning strikes disrupt the Global electric circuit. In this study, we look at (a) global geomagnetic disturbances caused by AGW constrained by VTEC amplitudes at two different sectors, (b) Schuman resonances (SR) parameters derived from modulations of ELF observations caused by the intense lightning phenomena that accompanied the volcanic eruption. Our analysis shows that (a) registration timing of geomagnetic disturbance at each observatory indicates the different modes of propagation between 180 and 350 m/s, indicating low‐frequency AGW components, (b) noticeable changes in SR frequency modes (7–21 Hz) occurred in the total power between 04:15 and 05:45 UT hr at Patiyasar, India, linked to heightened lightning activity, (c) velocities are found to be similar at similar distances in the northern and southern hemispheres from Hunga‐Tonga, (d) time difference between the SR and geomagnetic disturbance signature at observatories is found to have no relation with distance from the eruption, (e) fluctuations in VTEC at the Indian and Russian sectors show that the geomagnetic disturbances are linked to ionospheric perturbations.

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Section: Modification In Vtec Corresponding To Pty and Miksupporting

confidence: 88%

Lightning and Gravity Wave Signatures Produced by the Hunga‐Tonga Volcanic Eruption on Global Geomagnetic Data

Chandrasekhar,

Archana,

Arora

2023

JGR Space Physics

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“…Various kinds of geophysical phenomena generated by the largest-on-record January 15, 2022 Tonga eruption have been previously recorded in a global dataset consisting of atmospheric waves (23,46), tsunamis (47), and ionospheric disturbances (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(42)(43)(44)(45), thereby providing a unique opportunity for an integrated study based on the synergy of multi-disciplinary observation data. This study provides clear evidence of the EPB appearance after the Tonga volcanic eruption, thereby corroborating the existence of a seed effect of atmospheric disturbances, as anticipated by previous studies (28).…”

Section: Spatial Distribution Of Time Difference Between Ionospheric ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our motivation of this study is that the Geospace satellite Arase (31) for the first time observed the electron density depletion associated with an EPB at the height of the Fregion just after air pressure waves passed into the troposphere. Although there are some reports on the EPB occurrence after the Tonga volcanic eruption (27)(28)(29)(30), they could not reach a conclusion that air pressure waves generated the EPB, based on direct observations. Therefore, we had a unique opportunity in that the Arase satellite captured the initial air pressure wave during an evening sector, where EPBs are frequently observed.…”

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confidence: 97%

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Generation of equatorial plasma bubble after the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption

Shinbori

Sori

Otsuka

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Equatorial plasma bubbles are a phenomenon of plasma density depletion with small-scale density irregularities, normally observed in the equatorial ionosphere. This phenomenon, which impacts satellite-based communications, was observed in the Asia-Pacific region after the largest-on-record January 15, 2022 eruption of the Tonga volcano. We used satellite and ground-based ionospheric observations to demonstrate that an air pressure wave triggered by the Tonga volcanic eruption could cause the emergence of an equatorial plasma bubble. The most prominent observation result shows a sudden increase of electron density and height of the ionosphere several ten minutes to hours before the arrival of the air pressure wave in the lower atmosphere. After the ionospheric perturbations, plasma density depletion appeared in the equatorial and low-latitude ionosphere. We stress that tracking of such ionospheric signals before the initial arrival of the air pressure wave helps us to predict the arrival and scale of Tsunami.

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“…Although few research works were already carried out to understand the morphology of this event during the day/night time ionosphere using multi-instrument observations by satellites, Global Navigation Satellite System, Ionosonde, and VHF radar measurements 3,13,14 , the more features on the geomagnetic eld disturbances 1,10,11,15 , the response of the SR signals due to the lightning strikes and the propagation velocity of the gravity wave 9,10 remain to be analyzed, since the observations are restricted to only a few longitudes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of Lightning and Gravity wave signatures produced by the Hunga-Tonga Volcanic eruption on Global geomagnetic data

Chandrasekhar

Archana

Arora

2023

Preprint

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Global disruptions were noticed after the Hunga-Tonga volcanic eruption on January 15th 2022, which released an enormous amount of mass and energy into the atmosphere. Since there are many facets associated with this event, the primary focus of this investigation is on the following: (i) changes in the Schumann resonance (SR) modes as a result of the discharge of lightning strikes and (ii) global geomagnetic disturbances due to acoustic-gravity waves (AGWs). The results of our analysis show the noticeable changes in SR frequency modes (i.e. 7 to 21 Hz), between 04:15 and 05:45 UT hours in the high-frequency 64Hz scalar magnetic field (F) data derived from Induction coil magnetometer at Patiyasar (Himalayan region) and the propagation velocity of geomagnetic disturbances is found to be 269.68 ± 5 m/s, corresponding to the acoustic-gravity wave velocity, derived from the scalar magnetic field from the fluxgate magnetometers from 20 geomagnetic observatories (18 INTERMAGNET and 02 non- INTERMAGNET) world-wide located between 800 and 16000 km away from Tonga volcano. By comparing the lag time between the observed Schumann resonance and the negative bay, this study confirmed the velocity of the acoustic-gravity wave (296.76 ± 5 m/s, which closely corresponds to the estimated AGWs velocity: 269.68 ±5 m/s) with a delay of 11.48 ± 0.25 UT hour from a single geomagnetic observatory, Patiyasar (15000 km from Tonga). The variance in velocities could be attributed to the role of atmospheric-ionospheric winds and different ionosphere conditions.

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Impact of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcanic eruption on the changes observed over the Indian near-equatorial ionosphere

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Lightning and Gravity Wave Signatures Produced by the Hunga‐Tonga Volcanic Eruption on Global Geomagnetic Data

Lightning and Gravity Wave Signatures Produced by the Hunga‐Tonga Volcanic Eruption on Global Geomagnetic Data

Generation of equatorial plasma bubble after the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption

Evidence of Lightning and Gravity wave signatures produced by the Hunga-Tonga Volcanic eruption on Global geomagnetic data

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