Impact of the Gut Microbiota on the Development of Obesity: Current Concepts

Probiotics modify human intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer

“…An acid-resistant coating was used to prepare the capsules containing the probiotics and placebo. Patients in the PGT group received an encapsulated probiotics preparation (Shanghai Xinyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) containing live combined Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Enterococcus faecalis (1:1:1) with no less than 1.0x10 7 CFU/g viable cells, three times/day, with a total daily dose of 6.0x10 7 CFU for five days. Patients in the CGT group received encapsulated maltodextrin (Haiyan Liuhe Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China) three times a day.…”

“…The majority of the remaining cases, which are classified as sporadic CRC, are affected by environmental factors (4), including age, gender, diet, obesity and levels of physical inactivity. One of the common characteristics of these potential risk factors is that they can cause alterations in the structure of the intestinal flora (5)(6)(7)(8). These alterations (also called dysbiosis) were hypothesized to be closely correlated with the pathogenesis of CRC (9)(10)(11).…”

Sample preparation optimization in fecal metabolic profiling

“…In cases where the balance of intestinal flora is disrupted and the number of gut microbiota grows excessively, certain diseases may appear and pro-colitogenic perturbations of the symbiotic relation may be caused [4]. Investigation of the relation between microbial community and its host may aid in the treatment of severe, chronic diseases that appear to be directly or indirectly involved with the intestinal flora such as obesity [5][6][7] and type 2 diabetes [8,9]. Chronic inflammatory diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease in humans and rodents [4,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16] and colorectal cancer [17] have also been connected with the role of gut microbiome.…”

High purity galacto-oligosaccharides enhance specific Bifidobacterium species and their metabolic activity in the mouse gut microbiome

“…The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a β (1–4) galacto-oligosaccharides formulation consisting of 90% pure GOS (GOS90), on the composition and activity of the mouse gut microbiota. Germ-free mice were colonized with microbiota from four pathogen-free wt 129 mice donors (SPF), and stools were collected during a feeding trial in which GOS90 was delivered orally for 14 days.…”