Impact of the fungicide carbendazim in freshwater microcosms. II. Zooplankton, primary producers and final conclusions

Brink, Paul J. Van den; Hattink, Jasper; Bransen, Fred; Donk, Ellen Van; Brock, T.C.M.

doi:10.1016/s0166-445x(99)00037-5

Cited by 199 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…1, 2; Table 2). Similarly, increased abundances of tolerant rotifer taxa were also reported in Slijkerman et al (2004) and van den Brink et al (2000). Abundances of cyclopoid copepods decreased 1 day after application in the highest carbendazim concentration and returned to control levels on day 7 ( Fig.…”

Section: Sensitivity Of the Zooplankton Communitysupporting

confidence: 67%

“…2a; Table 2). Remarkably, the temperate species K. quadrata was among the most affected zooplankton taxa in the study by Slijkerman et al (2004) and was one of the most sensitive rotifers in the study by Van den Brink et al (2000). In a microcosm study evaluating the fungicide triphenyltin acetate, K. quadrata was also the most sensitive zooplankton taxon and showed a quick negative response to the fungicide (Roessink et al 2006).…”

Section: Sensitivity Of the Zooplankton Communitymentioning

confidence: 88%

“…After a pretreatment period of 6 weeks, carbendazim was applied as Bavistin FL (BASF AG, Ludwigshafen, Germany) in nominal concentrations of 0 (n = 4), 3.3 (n = 2), 33 (n = 2), 100 (n = 2), and 1000 (n = 2) lg/L. Because only a few model ecosystem studies evaluating fungicides have been carried out in temperate countries, carbendazim was chosen because reference studies evaluating singlepeak (Slijkerman et al 2004) and chronic (Cuppen et al 2000;Van den Brink et al 2000) exposure were available for this compound, enabling a comparison of effects in the present study with those reported under temperate semifield conditions. Details on the experimental design and carbendazim analysis are described in Daam et al (2009).…”

Section: Microcosms and Application Of The Test Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct and Indirect Effects of the Fungicide Carbendazim in Tropical Freshwater Microcosms

Daam

Satapornvanit

Brink

et al. 2009

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Direct and indirect effects of the fungicide carbendazim on ecosystem structure and functioning were studied B8 weeks after application (nominal concentrations: 0, 3.3, 33, 100, and 1000 lg/L) to outdoor microcosms in Thailand. Direct effects on macroinvertebrates are discussed in detail in a separate article. The present article presents the effects on other end points and discusses the hypothesized ecologic effect chain. Negative treatment effects on the zooplankton community were only recorded for the highest carbendazim treatment (NOEC community = 100 lg/L). The rotifer Keratella tropica, cladocerans (Moina micrura, Ceriodaphnia cornuta, and Diaphanosoma sp.), and cyclopoid copepods were decreased or even eliminated at this treatment level. The decrease in zooplankton and macroinvertebrate abundances was accompanied by an increase in numbers of several tolerant invertebrates, presumably caused by a release from competition and predation. The death of sensitive invertebrates probably also led to an overall decreased grazing pressure because increased levels of chlorophyll-a and bloom of the floating macrophyte Wolffia sp. were noted. The increase in primary producers is discussed to be the probable cause of changes in physicochemical water conditions, eventually resulting in an anoxic water layer during the last 3 weeks of the experiment. This is likely to have resulted in decreased invertebrate abundances noted in that period. Furthermore, the decreased decomposition of Musa (banana) leaves observed 8 weeks after application is considered to be the indirect effect of a decreased microbial activity resulting from these anoxic water conditions, rather than a direct toxic effect of carbendazim.

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Section: Sensitivity Of the Zooplankton Communitysupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Sensitivity Of the Zooplankton Communitymentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Microcosms and Application Of The Test Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct and Indirect Effects of the Fungicide Carbendazim in Tropical Freshwater Microcosms

Daam

Satapornvanit

Brink

et al. 2009

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…The Williams test is an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test that assumes increasing effect for increasing dose. Abundance data were Ln(Ax + 1) transformed, where x stands for the abundance value, and Ax = 2 when taking the lowest abundance value >0 for x (e.g., if the lowest number >0 is 1, A = 2; for rationale, see Van den Brink et al 2000). This was done to down-weight high abundance values and approximate a normal distribution of the data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Direct effects of carbendazim have been reported on zooplankton and macroinvertebrates in model ecosystem studies after single (Slijkerman et al 2004) and chronic (Cuppen et al 2000;Van den Brink et al 2000) exposure. In line with this, the higher carbendazim applications in the present study had negative treatment effects on zooplankton and B. leachii.…”

Section: Effects On Ecosystem Structure and Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chlorpyrifos, Carbendazim, and Linuron on the Ecology of a Small Indoor Aquatic Microcosm

Daam

Brink

2007

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Abstract. To validate the use of small indoor microcosms for the risk assessment of pesticides, the fate and effects of chlorpyrifos, carbendazim, and linuron were studied in 8.5-liter indoor freshwater microcosms. Functional and structural responses to selected concentrations were evaluated and compared with responses observed in larger-scale model ecosystem studies. Overall, the microcosms adequately displayed the chain of effects resulting from the application, although they did not always predict the exact fate and responses that were observed in larger semifield studies. Because closed systems were used that did not contain sediment and macrophytes, pesticides were relatively persistent in the present study. Consequently, calculated toxicity values were generally more comparable with those reported in studies with long-than with short-term exposure. Carbendazim had a higher overall no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) compared with experiments performed in larger systems because macroinvertebrate taxa, the most sensitive species group to this fungicide, were not abundant or diverse. Future refinements to the test system could include the addition of a sediment compartment and sensitive macroinvertebrate taxa. However, the simple design offers the potential to perform experiments under more controlled conditions than larger and, consequently, more complex model ecosystems, while maintaining relatively high ecologic realism compared with standard laboratory tests. Further implications for risk-assessment studies are discussed in an ecotoxicologic and methodologic context.Microcosms and mesocosms have often been used as a highertier study for the ecologic risk assessment of pesticides. They provide a bridge between laboratory and the field in terms of being manageable and allowing replication; hence, they provide a robust experimental design as well as realism in terms of ecologic processes and exposure to the chemical(s) being studied (Brock et al. 2000a).In recent years, the question of scale in ecologic studies has been widely recognized as a critical issue and underpins conceptual frameworks of how we understand ecologic phenomena (Flemer et al. 1997). Larger and consequently more complex model-ecosystems are not necessarily preferable over smaller ones. A research question can only be solved if the dimensions of the test system meet the requirements needed to solve this question. Larger and consequently more complex model ecosystems are ecologically more realistic than smaller systems. In contrast, smaller model ecosystems are easier to replicate and manipulate; therefore, they prove to be more useful in elucidating the chain of events occurring after chemical stress than large test-systems (Leeuwangh et al. 1994).The development of reliable, validated, more cost-effective, smaller test systems was recommended by the European Workshop on Freshwater Field Tests (Crossland et al. 1992) and the Higher-tier Aquatic Risk Assessment for Pesticides (HARAP) workshop (Campbell et al. 1999). However, only a smal...

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Marine Ecosystems under Toxic Pressure

Loizeau¹,

Tusseau‐Vuillemin²

2014

Vulnerability of Coastal Ecosystems and Adaptation

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Impact of the fungicide carbendazim in freshwater microcosms. II. Zooplankton, primary producers and final conclusions

Cited by 199 publications

References 13 publications

Direct and Indirect Effects of the Fungicide Carbendazim in Tropical Freshwater Microcosms

Direct and Indirect Effects of the Fungicide Carbendazim in Tropical Freshwater Microcosms

Effects of Chlorpyrifos, Carbendazim, and Linuron on the Ecology of a Small Indoor Aquatic Microcosm

Marine Ecosystems under Toxic Pressure

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