Impact of the food grade heat-killed probiotic and postbiotic oral lozenges in oral hygiene

Abstract

The oral cavity plays a crucial role in food digestion and immune protection. Thus, maintaining oral health is necessary. Postbiotic and heat-killed probiotic cells have shown increased antibacterial potential with stable viability compared with live strains. However, clinical evidence regarding their effect on oral health is insufficient. Therefore, in this study, we tested postbiotic lozenges of Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salicinius AP-32, L. paracasei ET-66, and L. plantarum LPL28 and heat-killed probiotic lozenges of L. salivarius subsp. salicinius AP-32 and L. paracasei ET-66 for their effect on oral health. In total, 75 healthy individuals were blindly and randomly divided into placebo, postbiotic lozenge, and heat-killed probiotic lozenge groups and were administered the respective lozenge type for 4 weeks. Postbiotic and heat-killed probiotic lozenge groups demonstrated antibacterial activities with a considerable increase in L. salivarius in their oral cavity. Furthermore, their salivary immunoglobulin A, Lactobacillus , and Bifidobacterium increased. Subjective questionnaires completed by the participants indicated that participants in both the experimental groups developed better oral health and intestinal conditions than those in the placebo group. Overall, our study revealed that a food additive in the form of an oral postbiotic or heat-killed probiotic lozenge may effectively enhance oral immunity, inhibit the growth of oral pathogens, and increase the numbers of beneficial oral microbiota.

Lactobacillus plantarum PL-02 Supplementation Combined With Resistance Training Improved Muscle Mass, Force, and Exercise Performance in Mice

“…Therefore, we must further explore the optimal cycle and strategy of probiotics combined with exercise training intervention. In addition, in animal experiments, the administration of probiotics effectively increased muscle mass, improved exercise performance, and reduced fatigue after exercise without exercise intervention; its applicability and efficacy were also successfully demonstrated in humans ( 18 , 19 ). Therefore, we infer that similar result can be achieved in human trials in the future.…”

Exploring the In Vitro Antibacterial Potential of Specific Probiotic Strains against Oral Pathogens

“…The use of probiotics as adjuvant treatment in different diseases seems promising. Several clinical trials reported improvement in halitosis, oral health, and related quality of life in subjects supplemented with different formulation of probiotics [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ]. Moreover, many beneficial effects have been already demonstrated in the rebalance of the gut microbiota and also systemically [ 70 , 71 , 72 ].…”

Effect of postbiotic-toothpaste on salivary levels of IgA in 6- to 12-year-old children: Study protocol for a randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled trial

“…In 2022, Lin et al evaluated the effects of heat-killed probiotics and postbiotics on oral health and concluded that after four weeks of intervention, the levels of salivary IgA increased in both groups, and postbiotic supplementation can improve oral immunity ( 30 ).…”