Impact of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Among Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Vadlamudi, Nirma Khatri; Chen, Anna; Marra, Fawziah

doi:10.1093/cid/ciy872

Cited by 49 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Like many studies before ours, we found a substantial reduction in IPD rates in children following introduction of PCV7 and PCV13 vaccines [12][13][14][15]20]. Declining IPD rates in adults following the use of conjugate vaccines, particularly PCV7, in children's immunization program has also been well documented [13,15,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Like previous studies, we observed significant declines in IPD rates within the adult population, including those aged 18-49 years as well as those above 75 years of age [15,20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In this study, like other global studies, we found significant increases in the non-PCV13 serotypes IPD in most age groups during both vaccine eras [13,21,22]. This significant increase in non-PCV13 serotypes after PCV13 introduction has been confirmed by few systematic review and meta-analyses [23,25,46]. Due to the increase in non-PCV13 serotypes IPD, we only saw a modest yet significant reduction in overall IPD like other jurisdictions [27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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Incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease after introduction of the 13-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in British Columbia: A retrospective cohort study

et al. 2020

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Background A significant reduction in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) has been reported, across all ages, following the implementation of 7-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7) globally, as part of infant immunization programs. We explored the additional impact of PCV13 on IPD over a 14-year period. Methods Using provincial laboratory surveillance and hospitalization data (N = 5791), we calculated the annual incidence of IPD following the implementation of PCV13 vaccine. Poisson regression was used to evaluate changes in the overall incidence of IPD, and serotype-specific IPD between PCV7 (2004-10) and PCV13 (2011-2015) eras. Results Overall, IPD rates have seen a modest decline in the PCV13 compared to the PCV7 era (IRR 0.84; 95% CI: 0.79-0.89); this was seen in children �2 years of age, and the majority of the adult cohort. Rates of vaccine-type IPD (PCV7 and PCV13) also decreased in the PCV13 era. In contrast, IPD incidence related to non-PCV13 (IRR: 1.56; 95%CI:1.43-1.72) and non-vaccine serotypes (IRR: 2.12; 95%CI:1.84-2.45) increased in the PCV13 era compared to the PCV7 era. Conclusions A modest reduction in IPD from the PCV13 vaccine was observed, with gains limited to the immunized cohort and adults. However, a significant increase in non-vaccine serotypes emphasizes the need for continued surveillance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease after introduction of the 13-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in British Columbia: A retrospective cohort study

et al. 2020

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“…15 Thus, increasing serotype coverage with expandedvalent PCVs would address a continued unmet need. 13,[16][17][18][19][20][21] A 20-valent PCV (PCV20) in development contains the serotypes present in PCV13 as well as 7 additional serotypes (8, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B, 22F, and 33F) to further expand serotype coverage of disease-causing serotypes beyond PCV13. The serotypes targeted by PCV20 were selected based on their prevalence and wide geographic distribution among the residual pneumococcal disease-causing serotypes, as well as for their antibiotic resistance and disease severity characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized phase 1 study of the safety and immunogenicity of 2 novel pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in healthy Japanese adults in the United States

Fitzpatrick

Young

Scott

et al. 2021

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Expanding serotype coverage of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) to target prevailing diseasecausing serotypes could further reduce disease burden. To address this need, 2 different PCVs have been investigated: a 20-valent PCV (PCV20; includes the 13 serotypes in the 13-valent PCV [PCV13] plus 7 additional serotypes [8, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B, 22F, 33F]) and a complementary 7-valent PCV (cPCV7; contains only the 7 additional serotypes). This phase 1b, randomized, controlled, double-blind study evaluated PCV20 and cPCV7 safety and immunogenicity in healthy Japanese adults 18-49 years of age residing in the United States for ≤5 years. Participants (n = 104) were randomized equally to receive a single dose of PCV20, cPCV7, or PCV13. Immunogenicity was assessed at baseline and 1 month after vaccination using serotype-specific opsonophagocytic activity (OPA) titers and serotype-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations. Prompted local reactions and systemic events; adverse events (AEs); and serious AEs and newly diagnosed chronic disease were assessed 14 days, through 1 month, and upto 6 months following vaccination, respectively. OPA immune responses were robust for all 20 serotypes in the PCV20 group and for the 7 serotypes in the cPCV7 group 1 month after vaccination. IgG immune response showed similar trends. Injection site pain and muscle pain were the most common local reaction and systemic event; the majority were mild or moderate in severity. Few AEs and no severe AEs, serious AEs, or safety-related withdrawals were reported. Taken together, administration of PCV20 or cPCV7 in Japanese adults was well tolerated and induced robust serotype-specific functional immune responses. NCT03642847.

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“…The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination has resulted in a decline in incidence as reported by cohorts from several geographical areas (Hsu et al , 2009; Alari et al , 2016; Bijlsma et al , 2016; Ruiz-Contreras et al , 2017). Nevertheless, reported effectiveness of the 7- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines differed per region, and subsequent increase of invasive pneumococcal disease due to non-vaccine pneumococcal serotypes has been reported (Weinberger et al , 2011; Gladstone et al , 2015; Weiss et al , 2015; Brouwer and van de Beek, 2018; Vadlamudi et al , 2019). It is therefore likely that pneumococcal meningitis will remain a major health challenge (Koelman et al , 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting the complement system in bacterial meningitis

Koelman

Brouwer

Beek

2019

Brain

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Impact of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Among Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Cited by 49 publications

References 57 publications

Incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease after introduction of the 13-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in British Columbia: A retrospective cohort study

Incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease after introduction of the 13-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in British Columbia: A retrospective cohort study

A randomized phase 1 study of the safety and immunogenicity of 2 novel pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in healthy Japanese adults in the United States

Targeting the complement system in bacterial meningitis

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