Impact of surface condition on sulphide stress corrosion cracking of 316L stainless steel

Hinds, Gareth; Wickström, Leyla; Mingard, Ken; Turnbull, A.

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2013.02.002

Cited by 63 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, we have not studied this systematically in this case. In addition, highly localized dissolution features have been observed to develop elsewhere in a pit, including the pit base [31], though no cracks were apparent in that location. Hence, there has to be caution in predicting the location of embryonic crack development from a pit but certainly the traditional perspective that the pit base is the primary site has been shown to have no intrinsic foundation.…”

Section: (C) Advanced Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The question then is where would the cracks initiate from in such a system? The opportunity to explore this came from a separate investigation into the performance of 316L stainless steel in an oilfield environment (50 000 ppm chloride solution of pH 4.5) at 110 • C in which the test solution was saturated with a gas mixture of 1% H 2 S in CO 2 at 100 kPa [31]. Stress corrosion cracks in this system were always initiated at corrosion pits.…”

Section: (C) Advanced Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corrosion pitting and environmentally assisted small crack growth

Turnbull

2014

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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In many applications, corrosion pits act as precursors to cracking, but qualitative and quantitative prediction of damage evolution has been hampered by lack of insights into the process by which a crack develops from a pit. An overview is given of recent breakthroughs in characterization and understanding of the pit-to-crack transition using advanced three-dimensional imaging techniques such as X-ray computed tomography and focused ion beam machining with scanning electron microscopy. These techniques provided novel insights with respect to the location of crack development from a pit, supported by finite-element analysis. This inspired a new concept for the role of pitting in stress corrosion cracking based on the growing pit inducing local dynamic plastic strain, a critical factor in the development of stress corrosion cracks. Challenges in quantifying the subsequent growth rate of the emerging small cracks are then outlined with the potential drop technique being the most viable. A comparison is made with the growth rate for short cracks (through-thickness crack in fracture mechanics specimen) and long cracks and an electrochemical crack size effect invoked to rationalize the data.

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Section: (C) Advanced Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (C) Advanced Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion pitting and environmentally assisted small crack growth

Turnbull

2014

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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“…El fenómeno de corrosión por picadura tiene dos etapas, no siempre diferenciadas: una de nucleación y otra de crecimiento, que puede llevar a un agrietamiento del material. Este hecho se puede manifestar entre otros, en fenómenos de Corrosión Bajo Tensión (Hinds et al, 2013;Orlikowsky y Krakowiak, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Detección de la corrosión por picadura en aceros inoxidables empleando ultrasonidos

Rodríguez

Biezma

2014

REVMETAL

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RESUMEN:Los sistemas pasivables, capaces de desarrollar una capa protectora, delgada, adherente y continua sobre el substrato metálico, presentan excelente resistencia a la corrosión ya que dicha capa se produce instantáneamente al reaccionar con el medio. Ahora bien, en determinadas circunstancias, esa capa se puede romper localmente, dando lugar a uno de los ataques más insidiosos que se conocen, corrosión por picadura, que producen unas condiciones químicas locales que aceleran el proceso corrosivo provocando defectos en el material, tanto externos como internos, con una distribución aleatoria en la superficie metálica. En este trabajo se ha planteado el empleo de técnicas de ensayos no destructivas mediante ultrasonidos para detectar este tipo de ataque en un acero inoxidable austenítico AISI 304, con distinta distribución superficial de defectología y profundidades de ataque, que simulan picaduras, tomando como variable fundamental de la onda ultrasónica la amplitud máxima del eco de fondo. SUMMARY:Pitting corrosion detection in stainless steels using ultrasounds. Passive metallic systems are able to develop in a spontaneous way a protective layer on the metallic surface that offers excellent corrosion resistance since really in a physical barrier for the reaction with the environment. However, some factors can break locally this layer, promoting one of the most insidious attack, pitting corrosion, which produces local chemical conditions that favouring the corrosive process causing defects in the material, as externals and internals ones, with a random distribution on the metal surface. In this work, ultrasounds non destructive technique has been employed using as variable the maximum amplitude of the backwall echo in order to detect this type of attack. The material employed is an austenitic stainless steel AISI 304, wherein appear several defectology distributions as superficial such as depths simulating pits.

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“…Solution tests have shown that the decrease in the corrosion resistance of stainless steels caused by welding is due to the formation of heat-tints during the high-temperature exposure that implies the welding procedure [4,19]. The causes suggested in the literature to justify the adverse effect of the heat-tints on corrosion behavior are diverse: formation of a Cr-poor layer [4], the chemical composition of the heat-tints [20], or the structure of the formed oxide layer and the stresses and reticular defects created in the metal-oxide interface [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welded, sandblasted, stainless steel corrugated bars in non-carbonated and carbonated mortars: A 9-year corrosion study

et al. 2016

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Institutional RepositoryThis is a postprint version of the following published document:A. Bautista (et al.). Three different stainless steel corrugated grades ( UNS 520430, 530403 and 532205) were similar welded to stainless steel bars with the same composition and dissimilar welded to carbon steel ( CS) . After deaning the welding oxides by sandblasting, the reinforcements were embedded in mortar with chlorides and some of the samples were carbonated. Corrosion activity was monitored using corrosion potential ( Ecorr) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy( EIS) . After 8 years of exposure, the samples were anodically polarized. Visual evaluation of the attack was performed after another additional year of exposure. Similar welded stainless steels offer a good durability if they have been sandblasted, except for 520430 when it is embedded in carbonated mortar with chlorides. Dissimilar welded steels are active since the beginning of the exposure for both studied conditions, but sandblasting reduces the corrosion rate of CS compared to non-welded CS bars. C. Welding

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Impact of surface condition on sulphide stress corrosion cracking of 316L stainless steel

Cited by 63 publications

References 15 publications

Corrosion pitting and environmentally assisted small crack growth

Corrosion pitting and environmentally assisted small crack growth

Detección de la corrosión por picadura en aceros inoxidables empleando ultrasonidos

Welded, sandblasted, stainless steel corrugated bars in non-carbonated and carbonated mortars: A 9-year corrosion study

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