Impact of Support Media on the Biological Treatment of Ozonated Drinking Water

Engineered biofiltration for the removal of disinfection by-product precursors and genotoxicity

“…This would also further reduce the concentration of carbon and nutrients available to be consumed by the biofilm, and enhance the carbon deficient conditions that were present. Due to a higher surface roughness and stronger attachment potential, GAC filters were found to have significantly more ATP than the anthracite filter, consistent with Dussert and Tramposch (1997) and Liu et al (2001). Finally, in terms of their operation, filters that received 0.8 mg/L PACl were found to develop headloss more quickly (1.8 cm/h) than the filters receiving other chemical enhancements (0.5 cm/h).…”

Changes of the porous structure of activated carbons applied in a filter bed pilot operation

“…8) indicates that the bacteria count in the first period (November 15-17, 1999) for only S0.8 carbon was lower in comparison with the later days (November [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]1999). This was due to the short bed operation time and longer time needed to the maturation process for this sample.…”

“…Newcombe et al [18] concluded that micropore and mesopore volumes were lost to roughly equal extents. Dussert and Tramposch [19] showed that adsorbent porosity also had an impact on biofilter performance. Two major types of granular activated carbons (GACs)-microporous (manufactured as an adsorbent and characterized by a high adsorption capacity for trace organics) and highly oxidized macroporous (manufactured primarily as a support for biological activity and characterized by a limited adsorption capacity for trace organics)-were investigated and used for the filtration of drinking water.…”

“…In this connection, bacteriological analysis of water has shown that bacteria settle on the filter material, reproduce on it, and take part in the maturing process. Microbes (biofilters) play an important role in the removal of assimilable organic matter (AOC), biodegradable organic matter (BDOM), a significant fraction of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and ozonation by-products of concern to public health [19]. Additional benefits of the biological treatment of potable water include the potential removal of synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) and taste-and odor-causing compounds [19].…”

“…Activated carbon is characterized by the presence of manmade and inherent crevices, ridges, surface groups, and other surface irregularities, all of which provide a perfect environment for colonization in macropores; consequently, colonization is denser on such a substrate than on conventional filters [19][20][21][22]. In this connection, bacteriological analysis of water has shown that bacteria settle on the filter material, reproduce on it, and take part in the maturing process.…”