Impact of sulphuric, hydrochloric, nitric, and lactic acids in the preparation of a blend of agro-industrial digestate and wood ash to produce a novel fertiliser

Abelenda, Alejandro Moure; Semple, Kirk T.; Lag-Brotons, Alfonso J.; Herbert, Ben; Aggidis, George A.; Aiouache, Farid

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2020.105021

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…The setups employed to carry out these experiments were 50-mL capped Corning ® tubes; where 2.39 ± 0.48 g of PVWD and 2.38 ± 0.12 g of Blend (80% PVWD and 20% FWD) were charged for the acidification experiments. The pH and electric conductivity (EC) of the digestates were monitored during the 336-h incubation at 21 • C and 100 rpm when using two different doses (i.e., high and low commercial doses for acidification of manure and slurry employed in the agro-industry; [57]) of four acids (H 2 SO 4 , HCl, HNO 3 , and CH 3 CH(OH)COOH). Table 2 shows the doses of acids employed expressed as mmol H + /g digestates and mEq acid/g digestates, which are the nomenclatures usually employed for these types of studies [57,59].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pH and electric conductivity (EC) of the digestates were monitored during the 336-h incubation at 21 • C and 100 rpm when using two different doses (i.e., high and low commercial doses for acidification of manure and slurry employed in the agro-industry; [57]) of four acids (H 2 SO 4 , HCl, HNO 3 , and CH 3 CH(OH)COOH). Table 2 shows the doses of acids employed expressed as mmol H + /g digestates and mEq acid/g digestates, which are the nomenclatures usually employed for these types of studies [57,59]. The calculation of the dissociation of the protons from the species HSO 4 − and CH 3 CH(OH)COOH was based on the values of the acidity constants of 1.02 × 10 −2 and 1.38 × 10 −4 , respectively [59].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, the blending conditions would be further optimized to achieve the pH of zero point of charge (pH zpc ) of the sorbents [40,56]. The pH zpc can be achieved upon the addition of the wood ashes to the anaerobic digestates treated with common doses of commercial acids employed in the agroindustry [54,57]. The originality of the present study is in the approach followed for the characterization of (a) the microbial growth, (b) the level of oxidation of the organic matter (OM), and (c) the extent of the solid-liquid separation due to the acidification treatment of the anaerobic digestates, to potentially prepare granular fertilizers upon addition of the wood ashes [58].…”

Section: Purpose Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Circularity of Bioenergy Residues: Acidification of Anaerobic Digestate Prior to Addition of Wood Ash

et al. 2022

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The present study investigated the acidification treatment of an agrowaste digestate and a food waste digestate, which is necessary before the addition of the wood ashes to attain the pH of zero point of charge in the blend intended to behave as a slow-release fertilizer. The 336-h acidification treatments of the 2.39 ± 0.35 g of digestates were performed with high and low doses of four commercial acids (sulfuric, hydrochloric, nitric, and lactic acids) in 50-mL capped Corning® tubes. For analytical purposes, after the incubation, ultrapure milli-Q® water was added at a rate of 10 mL for each gram of digestate to create a water-soluble phase that allowed the measurement of the pH and the electric conductivity. The results showed that the optimum dose and type of acid were very dependent on the nature of the anaerobic digestate. The maximum buffer capacity of the agrowaste digestate was 0.07 mmol H+-H2SO4/g, but this increased by adding the food waste digestate with a greater content of ammoniacal nitrogen. The agrowaste digestate with a greater content of undigested fiber was more easily oxidized by nitric acid. On the other hand, sulfuric acid oxidized the food waste digestate to a greater extent than the other acids did. Since a high dose of acid was required to achieve a greater efficiency in the solid–liquid separation, which would ease any subsequent handling of the digestates, hydrochloric acid was considered to be the most suitable acid. Lactic acid promoted the growth of filamentous microbes in the agrowaste digestate and microbial colonies in the food waste digestate, which is an indication of the poor preservation of the organic matter under these conditions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Purpose Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Circularity of Bioenergy Residues: Acidification of Anaerobic Digestate Prior to Addition of Wood Ash

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“…The explanation for the constant losses could be the procedure followed to achieve the solidliquid separation. Some of the WI material would have remained stuck to the walls of the closed chamber and any weight gain due to the hydration of the ashes would have been lost during the drying at 105°C, before weighting the mass of the WI fraction recovered [13,14].…”

Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the high pH of the blend ash-digestate, this material could be used as liming agent, after the removal of the ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4 + -N) [12]. This nutrient management strategy might offer better results than the preparation of the blend under acid conditions to promote the adsorption and to minimize the loss of NH4 + -N [13]. In fact, Miranda et al (2021) found that the direct addition of sulfuric acid Citation: Moure Abelenda A, Semple KT, Lag-Brotons AJ, Herbert BMJ, Aggidis G, et al Alkaline wood ash, turbulence, and traps with excess of sulfuric acid do not strip completely the ammonia off an agrowaste digestate (2021) Edelweiss Chem Sci J 4: 19-24.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaline Wood Ash, Turbulence, and Traps with Excess of Sulfuric Acid Do Not Strip Completely the Ammonia off an Agro-waste Digestate

Abelenda

Semple

Lag-Brotons

et al. 2021

ECS

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The present study combined two nutrient management strategies to improve the marketability of a waste-derived fertilizer: (a) isolation of ammoniacal nitrogen and (b) preparation of a bulk soil amendment. The wood fly ash with low content of pollutants was added to an agrowaste anaerobic digestate as alkaline stabilizer, which promoted the volatilization of ammonia and adsorption processes, and as nutrient supplement. The 39.71 ± 1.44 g blend was incubated for 60 hours at 20°C and 100 rpm in a closed chamber (250-mL Schott Duran® bottle) with a 5.21 ± 0.10 mL sulfuric acid trap of 10 different concentrations (0.11, 0.21, 0.32, 0.43, 0.54, 0.64, 0.75, 0.86, 0.96, and 1.07 mol/L). For analytical purposes, the sulfuric acid, water-soluble, and water-insoluble fractions of the blend were isolated after the incubation. The 1.07 mol/L sulfuric acid solution contained 23.69 ± 5.72 % more of ammonical nitrogen than the 0.11 mol/L solutions. However, in all cases the amount of nitrogen in the H2SO4 compartment was lower than the one in the water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions. Only the 15.52 ± 2.13 % of the nitrogen accounted after the incubation was found in the H2SO4 trap. The bottleneck of the NH3 stripping process was the rate of mass transfer at the interface between the blended fertilizer and the headspace of the closed chamber. The organic phosphorus was more susceptible to be adsorbed during the alkaline treatment with non-intrusive acidification than the nitrogen and carbon. Activation of the ash as adsorbent before mixing with the digestate should improve the properties of the blend as slow release fertilizer, since more nutrients would end in the water-insoluble fraction.

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Kinetic study of the stabilization of an agro-industrial digestate by adding wood fly ash

Abelenda

Semple

Lag-Brotons

et al. 2021

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

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Impact of sulphuric, hydrochloric, nitric, and lactic acids in the preparation of a blend of agro-industrial digestate and wood ash to produce a novel fertiliser

Cited by 14 publications

References 56 publications

Circularity of Bioenergy Residues: Acidification of Anaerobic Digestate Prior to Addition of Wood Ash

Circularity of Bioenergy Residues: Acidification of Anaerobic Digestate Prior to Addition of Wood Ash

Alkaline Wood Ash, Turbulence, and Traps with Excess of Sulfuric Acid Do Not Strip Completely the Ammonia off an Agro-waste Digestate

Kinetic study of the stabilization of an agro-industrial digestate by adding wood fly ash

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