Impact of student pharmacist–led naloxone academic detailing at community pharmacies in Texas

Evoy, Kirk E.; Groff, Lindsey T; Hill, Lucas G.; Godinez, William J.; Gandhi, Ravi H.; Reveles, Kelly R.

doi:10.1016/j.japh.2019.09.007

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The results of this study highlight the utility of an AD intervention for pharmacist prescribing of EC in the community pharmacy setting, which is consistent with current literature regarding AD interventions to enhance pharmacist immunizations and other services . (9,10,11) Survey results showed participants in the AD intervention had increased understanding of California EC prescribing policies and differences between LNG and UPA EC compared to those in the handout intervention group, which was consistent with qualitative interviews. Most notably, participants in the AD intervention group were more likely to initiate prescribing EC.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Direct Pharmacist Prescribing of Emergency Contraception: Findings of an Academic Detailing Intervention Pilot Study

Nguyen

O'Grady

Rafie

et al. 2021

Journal of Contemporary Pharmacy Practice

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…(7,8) AD has demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing pharmacist immunizations, naloxone prescribing, and referrals for smoking cessation. (9,10,11)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Pharmacist Prescribing of Emergency Contraception: Findings of an Academic Detailing Intervention Pilot Study

Nguyen

O'Grady

Rafie

et al. 2021

Journal of Contemporary Pharmacy Practice

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“…Future studies should also analyze how to more effectively educate pharmacists regarding naloxone use, and how distribution affects overall use and distribution in the state. A recent study from Texas showed the positive impact of student-led academic detailing on improving pharmacists’ willing to dispense naloxone and increasing naloxone availability from community pharmacies [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naloxone availability in independent community pharmacies in Georgia, 2019

Gilbert

Elliott

Beasley

et al. 2021

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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Background Increasing the availability of naloxone among people who use opioids, and friends and family of past and present people who use opioids is a vitally important mission to reduce the occurrence of opioid-related overdose deaths. The purpose of this study was to determine the availability of naloxone in independent community pharmacies in Georgia. Secondary objectives include determining pharmacists’ knowledge regarding the standing order and ability to counsel regarding naloxone. Methods A cross-sectional study using a secret shopper approach with phone contact was conducted over a period of 10 months. The study was population based and was conducted at all independent pharmacies in the state of Georgia. All independent community pharmacies in the state of Georgia were contacted and asked the naloxone questions with a 96% response rate (n = 520). Results Five hundred fifty-eight independent community pharmacies were called, with a 96% response rate (n = 520 pharmacies). Two hundred-twenty pharmacies reported having naloxone in stock. Of the 335 pharmacists asked, 174 (51.9%) incorrectly said that a prescription was required. The mean (SD) cash price was $148.02 (27.40), with a range of $0 to $300. Of 237 pharmacists asked who had naloxone in stock or who stated they could get naloxone in stock, 212 stated that they could demonstrate how to use it, 8 stated they could not, and 17 said that they possibly could or were unsure how to use it. Conclusions This study provided insight into the limited availability of naloxone at independent community pharmacies in Georgia after the standing order was issued. The majority of pharmacists at independent pharmacies in Georgia were not using the publicly available state naloxone standing order. Additionally, the low availability of naloxone and its high cost for uninsured individuals are significant structural barriers for reducing opioid-related mortality.

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“… 51 Besides mandating that pharmacies stock naloxone, additional pharmacist training also appears to provide benefit in increasing naloxone accessibility. Pharmacist educational interventions have been shown to improve the likelihood to dispense via standing order, 58 stock naloxone in the pharmacy, 19 , 20 and provide SUD counseling, 61 while also increasing the perceived value of patient counseling regarding ORO prevention. 62 Furthermore, it appears that naloxone accessibility may improve as greater time passes since the initial implementation of the NAL.…”

Section: Successes and Shortcomings Of Current Nals And Non-otc Appromentioning

confidence: 99%

Considering the Potential Benefits of Over-the-Counter Naloxone

Evoy¹,

Hill²,

Davis³

2021

IPRP

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Since 1999, annual opioid-related overdose (ORO) mortality has increased more than six-fold. In response to this crisis, the US Department of Health and Human Services outlined a 5-point strategy to reduce ORO mortality which included the widespread distribution of naloxone, an opioid antagonist that can rapidly reverse an opioid overdose. Increased distribution has been facilitated by the implementation of naloxone access laws in each US state aimed at increasing community access to naloxone. While these laws differ from state-to-state, most contain mechanisms to enable pharmacists to dispense naloxone without a patient-specific prescription. These laws have enhanced community naloxone distribution, both from pharmacies and overdose education and naloxone distribution programs, and produced positive effects on ORO mortality. However, a growing body of evidence has revealed that significant barriers to naloxone access from pharmacies remain, and annual ORO deaths have continued to climb. Given these concerns, there has been a push among some clinicians and policymakers for the US Food and Drug Administration to re-classify naloxone as an over-the-counter (OTC) medication as a means to further increase its accessibility. If an OTC transition occurs, educational outreach and funding for clinical innovations will continue to be crucial given the important role of health professionals in recommending naloxone to people at risk for experiencing or witnessing an ORO. Recognizing the severity of the ORO public health crisis, we believe transitioning formulations of naloxone approved for layperson use to OTC status would result in a net benefit through increased access. However, such a change should be combined with measures to ensure affordability.

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Impact of student pharmacist–led naloxone academic detailing at community pharmacies in Texas

Cited by 34 publications

References 14 publications

Direct Pharmacist Prescribing of Emergency Contraception: Findings of an Academic Detailing Intervention Pilot Study

Direct Pharmacist Prescribing of Emergency Contraception: Findings of an Academic Detailing Intervention Pilot Study

Naloxone availability in independent community pharmacies in Georgia, 2019

Considering the Potential Benefits of Over-the-Counter Naloxone

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