Impact of State Public Health Spending on Disease Incidence in the United States from 1980 to 2009

Verma, Reetu; Clark, Samantha; Leider, Jonathon P.; Bishai, David

doi:10.1111/1475-6773.12480

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Mays and Smith showed that local public health spending was linked to lower mortality ( Mays & Smith, 2011 ). Similarly, county non-hospital health spending was associated with reductions ranging from 6% to 12% in vaccine-preventable disease incidence ( Verma, Clark, Leider, & Bishai, 2017 ). Research on the impact of county spending choices has been slowed by gaps in data availability and data comparability on spending at the county level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

County health outcomes linkage to county spending on social services, building infrastructure, and law and order

Cardona

Anand

Alfonso

et al. 2021

SSM - Population Health

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Will counties that reallocate money from law enforcement to social services improve subsequent markers of population wellbeing? In this study, we measure the association between county government spending across multiple sectors and Life Expectancy at Birth (LEB) in the U.S. using data from the U.S. Census Bureau. We constructed a Structural Equation Model to determine whether social expenditure, building infrastructure, and spending on law and order were positively or negatively associated with LEB three-years after initial spending. The analysis compared data between 2002-05 and 2007-10 and was stratified for urban and rural counties. In rural counties, a one-standard-deviation increase in social spending increased subsequent LEB by 0.58 (SE 0.16) and 0.36 (SE 0.16) years in 2005 and 2010, respectively. In urban counties, a one-standard-deviation increase in building infrastructure spending increased subsequent LEB by 1.14 (SE 0.51) and 1.05 (SE 0.49) years in 2005 and 2010, respectively. In 2002, a one-standard-deviation increase in law and order spending significantly decreased subsequent life expectancy, 2.2 (SE 1.27) and 0.46 (SE 0.13) years in urban and rural counties, respectively. Similarly, investments in building infrastructure for urban counties and social services for rural counties were associated with subsequently higher life expectancy three years later after initial investments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

County health outcomes linkage to county spending on social services, building infrastructure, and law and order

Cardona

Anand

Alfonso

et al. 2021

SSM - Population Health

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“…We controlled for specific populations, communities, and LHD characteristics known to be associated with STD rates 1–6,8 . Sociodemographic characteristics included age (percentages of residents younger than 5 years and older than 65 years), percentage of Black residents, percentage of Hispanic residents, unemployment rate, median household income, the percentage of households with public assistance income, federal poverty rate, and percentage residents over age 24 with high school or more education 40…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compelling evidence exists that public spending on the prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is a good investment. Several studies report that greater amounts of federal and state STD spending are associated with decreases in federal and state STD incidence rates 1–6 . The finding is important because STDs are the most common notifiable infectious disease in the United States, 7 and STDs may lead to serious health complications if untreated 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies report that greater amounts of federal and state STD spending are associated with decreases in federal and state STD incidence rates. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The finding is important because STDs are the most common notifiable infectious disease in the United States, 7 and STDs may lead to serious health complications if untreated. 8 However, two troublesome trends suggest the importance of further examining whether greater public health spending is associated with lesser STDs at the local level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytic approaches to assess the impact of local spending on sexually transmitted diseases

Grembowski

Lim

Pantazis³

et al. 2022

Health Services Research

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Objective To compare the estimated associations between annual sexually transmitted diseases (STD) expenditures per capita and STD incidence rates among Florida and Washington local health departments (LHDs) from 2001 to 2017, using two approaches—a longitudinal regression model with lagged STD spending and a regression model with the Arellano–Bond panel estimator. Data sources Secondary data for LHDs were obtained from Florida and Washington state government offices and combined with county sociodemographic and health system data from the federal government. Study design We examined LHDs in Florida and Washington using a longitudinal panel study design to estimate ecological relationships between annual STD expenditures per capita and annual STD incidence rates from 2001 to 2017, with LHDs as the unit of analysis. We compared two regression models: generalized estimating equations (GEE) and the Arellano–Bond panel estimator (an instrumental variable approach). Data collection The secondary data were combined to build a longitudinal panel database for LHDs in Florida and Washington from 2001 to 2017. Principal findings In the GEE model with both states, greater STD spending in a prior year was associated unexpectedly with greater STD incidence rates in succeeding years. The Arellano–Bond models for both states had the expected inverse associations but were not significant. In the Arellano–Bond models for Florida, a $1 increase in STD spending in previous years was followed by decreases in STD incidence rates ranging between 29 and 58 points in succeeding years (0.09 ≥ p ≥ 0.04). Conclusions In longitudinal panel data for LHDs in two states, the Arellano–Bond estimator, or other instrumental variable approach, is preferred over conventional regression models to obtain unbiased estimates of the relationship between annual STD spending rates and annual STD rates. Future studies will require accurate, standardized, and detailed longitudinal data and rigorous analytic approaches, such as those illustrated in our study.

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“…As Dominique [ 17 ] has pointed, the government plays an important role in improving social welfare, while fiscal expenditure is the key to public goods and services. Cutler and Miller [ 18 ] and Verma et al [ 19 ] also point that public-health expenditure reflects the government’s public health policy and it is a contributing factor in maintaining the national health. Therefore, many researchers have carried out a serious of studies on public-health expenditure in various countries, such as the United States [ 20 ], Canada [ 21 ], Spain [ 22 ], China [ 6 ], India [ 23 ], and the United Kingdom [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How the Chinese Government Has Done with Public Health from the Perspective of the Evaluation and Comparison about Public-Health Expenditure

Jin

Qian

2020

IJERPH

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The COVID-19 epidemic has crashed on the social and economic stability of China and even the world, and raised the question: how has the Chinese government done with public health in recent years? The purpose of this paper is to clarify the definition and items of Chinese public-health expenditure, then to objectively evaluate the Chinese government’s performance, so as to help the government to perform better in public health. To achieve this goal, we measure the Chinese public-health expenditure at national and provincial levels based on our definition, and then compare it with the expenditures of other countries. The results show that: (1) the level of public-health expenditure in China is relatively low and far lower than that in developed countries; (2) Chinese governments have not paid enough attention to the prevention and control of major public-health emergencies, which may be an important reason for the outbreak of COVID-19; (3) Chinese public-health expenditure shows a fluctuating growth trend, but the growth rate is so slow that it is lower than that of GDP and fiscal expenditure; (4) although the Chinese government inclines the public-health expenditure to the poor provinces in central and western regions, the imbalance and inequity of public-health resource allocation are still expanding among provinces; (5) there is a lot of waste of resources in the public-health system, which seriously reduces the efficiency of public-health expenditure in China. Therefore, the Chinese government should improve the quantity and quality of public-health expenditure in the above aspects.

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Impact of State Public Health Spending on Disease Incidence in the United States from 1980 to 2009

Abstract: Our analysis indicates that there is evidence of a significant, negative relationship between a state's public health spending and the incidence of two VPDs, mumps and rubella, in the United States.

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

County health outcomes linkage to county spending on social services, building infrastructure, and law and order

County health outcomes linkage to county spending on social services, building infrastructure, and law and order

Analytic approaches to assess the impact of local spending on sexually transmitted diseases

How the Chinese Government Has Done with Public Health from the Perspective of the Evaluation and Comparison about Public-Health Expenditure

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