Impact of stalk on directly driven inertial confinement fusion implosions

Johnson, M. Gatu; Adrian, Patrick; Anderson, K.S.; Appelbe, Brian; Chittenden, J. P.; Crilly, Aidan; Edgell, D. H.; Forrest, C.; Frenje, J. A.; Glebov, V. Yu.; Haines, Brian; Igumenshchev, I. V.; Jacobs‐Perkins, D.; Janezic, R.; Kabadi, N.; Knauer, J. P.; Lahmann, B.; Mannion, O. M.; Marshall, F. J.; Michel, D. T.; Séguin, F.H.; Shah, Rahul; Stoeckl, C.; Walsh, C. A.; Petrasso, R. D.

doi:10.1063/1.5141607

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…This is the case here since the stalk is at the south pole and the flow anomaly is ∼25 • and ∼35 • from the north pole in the simulation and the measurement, respectively. Note that the conclusion presented in [16] is also consistent with the observation, presented in section 2, that there is no difference in the systematic flow direction for cryogenic and warm shots, which have different stalk positions.…”

Section: Additional Shots: 98 768 and 98 755supporting

confidence: 90%

“…This discrepancy suggests that all the sources of low modes accounted for in the simulation explain the flow direction, but that there is a low mode source not modeled that enhances the flow magnitude. One such source was proposed in [16], where both simulations and experimental observations suggest that the target stalk has such an effect; not inducing a systematic flow direction but amplifying the flow velocity when the base flow velocity (without a stalk) is roughly in the direction of the stalk. This is the case here since the stalk is at the south pole and the flow anomaly is ∼25 • and ∼35 • from the north pole in the simulation and the measurement, respectively.…”

Section: Additional Shots: 98 768 and 98 755mentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D simulations of inertial confinement fusion implosions part 2: systematic flow anomalies and impact of low modes on performances in OMEGA experiments

Colaïtis¹,

Igumenshchev²,

Turnbull³

et al. 2022

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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We present the ﬁrst 3-D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of directly driven inertial conﬁnement fusion implosions with an inline package for polarized crossed-beam energy transfer, which were used to assess the impact of the current Distributed Polarization Rotators (DPRs) on OMEGA as well as other known sources of asymmetry. Applied to OMEGA implosions, the simulations predict bang times with no need for ad hoc multipliers, as well as yields—if you separately account for the impacts of imprint and fuel age. Magnitude of the ﬂow is well reproduced when the low mode sources are large, whereas the modeling of stalk is thought to be required to match the ﬂow magnitude in the remaining cases. For the cases explored in more details, polarized CBET—the only known systematic drive asymmetry, brought the results closest to the measured ﬂow vectors. The remaining discrepencies are shown to be stemming from the limited knowledge of the laser pointing modes. For typical current levels of beam mispointing, power imbalance, target oﬀset, and asymmetry caused by polarized CBET, low modes degrade the yield by more than 40%. The current strategy of attempting to compensate the mode-1 asymmetry with a preimposed target oﬀset recovers only about 1/3 of the losses caused by the low modes due to the dynamic nature of the multiple asymmetries and the presence of low modes other than l = 1. Therefore, addressing the root causes of the drive asymmetries is apt to be more beneﬁcial. To that end, one possible solution to the speciﬁc issue of polarized CBET (10µm DPRs) is shown to work well.

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Section: Additional Shots: 98 768 and 98 755supporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Additional Shots: 98 768 and 98 755mentioning

confidence: 99%

3D simulations of inertial confinement fusion implosions part 2: systematic flow anomalies and impact of low modes on performances in OMEGA experiments

Colaïtis¹,

Igumenshchev²,

Turnbull³

et al. 2022

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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“…This weak stalk-induced flow direction anomaly is also supported by experimental investigations presented in Ref. 19.…”

supporting

confidence: 85%

3D Simulations Capture the Persistent Low-Mode Asymmetries Evident in Laser-Direct-Drive Implosions on OMEGA

et al. 2022

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Spherical implosions in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) are inherently sensitive to perturbations that may arise from experimental constraints and errors. Control and mitigation of low-mode (long wavelengths) perturbations is a key milestone to improving implosion performances. We present the first 3-D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of directly driven ICF implosions with an inline package for polarized Crossed-Beam Energy Transfer (CBET). Simulations match bang times, yields (separately accounting for laser-induced high modes and fuel age), hot spot flow velocities and direction, for which polarized CBET contributes to the systematic flow orientation evident in the OMEGA implosion database. Current levels of beam mispointing, imbalance, target offset and asymmetry from polarized CBET degrade yields by more than 40%. The effectiveness of two mitigation strategies for low-modes is explored.

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“…Mitigation strategies of the shadow [72] reduced diameter fill tubes [71], and alternate targets supports [73] are therefore under consideration. The fill tube impact on the hot spot has been recently inferred from nuclear diagnostics [74]. The deceleration phase of ICF implosions was also explored recently via self-emission measurements [75], providing additional evidence of meteors [76].…”

Section: (B) Indirect-drive Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in quantifying hydrodynamics instabilities and turbulence in inertial confinement fusion and high-energy-density experiments

Casner

2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Since the seminal paper of Nuckolls triggering the quest of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) with lasers, hydrodynamic instabilities have been recognized as one of the principal hurdles towards ignition. This remains true nowadays for both main approaches (indirect drive and direct drive), despite the advent of MJ scale lasers with tremendous technological capabilities. From a fundamental science perspective, these gigantic laser facilities enable also the possibility to create dense plasma flows evolving towards turbulence, being magnetized or not. We review the state of the art of nonlinear hydrodynamics and turbulent experiments, simulations and theory in ICF and high-energy-density plasmas and draw perspectives towards in-depth understanding and control of these fascinating phenomena. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Prospects for high gain inertial fusion energy (part 2)’.

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Impact of stalk on directly driven inertial confinement fusion implosions

Abstract: The experimental investigation of the hohlraum energetics of two-entrance holes spherical hohlraum at the 100 kJ level laser facility

Cited by 17 publications

References 73 publications

3D simulations of inertial confinement fusion implosions part 2: systematic flow anomalies and impact of low modes on performances in OMEGA experiments

3D simulations of inertial confinement fusion implosions part 2: systematic flow anomalies and impact of low modes on performances in OMEGA experiments

3D Simulations Capture the Persistent Low-Mode Asymmetries Evident in Laser-Direct-Drive Implosions on OMEGA

Recent progress in quantifying hydrodynamics instabilities and turbulence in inertial confinement fusion and high-energy-density experiments

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