Impact of St. Gallen surrogate classification for intrinsic breast cancer sub-types on disease features, recurrence, and survival in South Indian patients

Kunheri, Beena; Raj, R.; Vijaykumar, Dehannathparambil Kottarathil; Pavithran, Keechilat

doi:10.4103/ijc.ijc_437_18

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A few other studies have also reported a predominance of luminal B subtype in comparison to luminal A. 20 21 22 However, our results contrasted those of Batra et al, Vasconcelos et al, Harish et al, and Park et al, who reported luminal A as the most common subtype. 23 24 25 26 ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

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A Clinicopathological Analysis of Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer using Immunohistochemical Surrogates: A 6-Year Institutional Experience from a Tertiary Cancer Center in North India

Somal

Sancheti

Sharma

et al. 2023

South Asian J Cancer

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Objective Classification of breast cancer into different molecular subtypes has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. The immunohistochemistry surrogate classification has been advocated for this purpose. The primary objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of the different molecular subtypes of invasive breast carcinoma and study the clinicopathological parameters in a tertiary care cancer center in rural North India. Materials and Methods All female patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and registered between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020, were included. Patients with bilateral cancer, missing information on HER2/ER/PR receptor status, absence of reflex FISH testing after an equivocal score on Her 2 IHC were excluded. The tumors were classified into different molecular subtypes based on IHC expression as follows-luminal A-like (ER- and PR-positive, Her2-negative, Ki67 < 20%), luminal B-like Her2-negative (ER-positive, Her2-negative and any one of the following Ki67% ≥ 20% or PR-negative/low, luminal B-like Her2-positive (ER- and HER2-positive, any Ki67, any PR), Her2-positive (ER- and PR-negative, Her2-positive) and TNBC (ER, PR, Her2-negative). Chi square test was used to compare the clinicopathological parameters between these subtypes. Results A total of 1,625 cases were included. Luminal B-like subtype was the most common (41.72%). The proportion of each subtype was luminal A (15.69%), luminal B Her2-negative (23.93%), luminal B Her2-positive (17.78%), Her2-positive (15.26%), TNBC (27.32%). Majority of the tumors were Grade 3 (75.81%). Nodal metastases were present in 59%. On subanalysis of the luminal type tumors without Her2 expression (luminal A-like and luminal B-like (Her2-negative), luminal A-like tumors presented significantly with a lower grade (p < 0.001) and more frequent node-negative disease in comparison to luminal B-like (Her2-negative) tumors. In comparison to other subtypes, TNBC tumors were more frequently seen in the premenopausal age group (p < 0.001) and presented with node-negative disease (p < 0.001). Conclusion This is one of the largest studies that enumerates the prevalence of various molecular subtypes of breast cancer in North India. Luminal B-like tumors were the most common followed by TNBC. TNBC tumors presented more commonly in premenopausal age group and with node negative disease in comparison to other subtypes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

“…These findings are in accordance with other studies. 20 21 24 Luminal A tumors are differentiated from luminal B tumors with the help of proliferation markers and PR positivity. This distinction is necessary due to the differing therapeutic implications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Clinicopathological Analysis of Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer using Immunohistochemical Surrogates: A 6-Year Institutional Experience from a Tertiary Cancer Center in North India

Somal

Sancheti

Sharma

et al. 2023

South Asian J Cancer

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“…Subsequently, luminal class was divided into luminal A and luminal B classes, thereby resulting in addition of a fifth class of BC [ 14 ]. According to the reported study, molecular subtypes of BC can be classified into luminal A (ER+/PR+/HER2-/low Ki-67), luminal B (ER+/PR+/HER2-/+/high Ki-67), HER2-overexpression (ER-/PR-/HER2+), and triple negative breast cancers/TNBCs (ER-/PR-/HER2-) [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Significance of Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor and Its Association with Hormonal Receptors in Breast Carcinoma

Mehboob

Gilani

Hassan

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Expression and immunolocalization of Substance P (SP)/Neurokinin-1 Receptor (NK-1R) in breast carcinoma (BC) patients and its association with routine proliferative markers (ER, PR, HER2/neu, and Ki-67) were evaluated. A cross-sectional study was performed on 34 cases of BC. There were 23 cases of group A (grade III), 8 of group B (grade II), and only 3 cases of group C (grade I). All samples were then processed for SP and NK-1R immunohistochemistry for few cases. 14/23 cases (61%) of group A, 7/8 cases (88%) of group B, and 2/3 (67%) cases of group C were SP positive. Overall, strong staining (≥10% tumor cells), labeled as “+3,” was observed in 9/14 (64.2%) cases of group A and 1/8 (12.5%) cases of group B. Moderate staining labelled as “+2” (in ≥10% tumor cells) was observed in 3/14 (21.4%) cases of group A and 4/8 (50%) cases of group B. Weak positive staining “+1” was observed in only 2/14 (14.28%) cases of group A, 2/8 (25%) cases of group B, and all 2/2 (100%) cases of group C. SP and NK-1R are overexpressed in breast carcinomas, and there is significant association between the grade of tumor and their overexpression.

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“…The increased accuracy of studies and the possibility of analyzing laboratory results worldwide and comparing them with the actual clinical picture of BC over a long period of time has made it possible to revise and update the methodological guidelines for the assessment of IHC data on an annual basis. At the same time, only four markers, ER, PR, Ki-67, and HER2, are recommended for clinical use and classification of tumor subtypes [ 179 ], although, as noted above, research laboratories and some clinical diagnostic laboratories already use considerably more biomarkers. Comprehensive analysis of cancer markers is also required for selecting the most efficacious hormonal therapy, which is increasingly being used for the treatment of certain types of BC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontoxic Fluorescent Nanoprobes for Multiplexed Detection and 3D Imaging of Tumor Markers in Breast Cancer

et al. 2023

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Multiplexed fluorescent immunohistochemical analysis of breast cancer (BC) markers and high-resolution 3D immunofluorescence imaging of the tumor and its microenvironment not only facilitate making the disease prognosis and selecting effective anticancer therapy (including photodynamic therapy), but also provides information on signaling and metabolic mechanisms of carcinogenesis and helps in the search for new therapeutic targets and drugs. The characteristics of imaging nanoprobe efficiency, such as sensitivity, target affinity, depth of tissue penetration, and photostability, are determined by the properties of their components, fluorophores and capture molecules, and by the method of their conjugation. Regarding individual nanoprobe components, fluorescent nanocrystals (NCs) are widely used for optical imaging in vitro and in vivo, and single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) are well established as highly specific capture molecules in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Moreover, the technologies of obtaining functionally active sdAb–NC conjugates with the highest possible avidity, with all sdAb molecules bound to the NC in a strictly oriented manner, provide 3D-imaging nanoprobes with strong comparative advantages. This review is aimed at highlighting the importance of an integrated approach to BC diagnosis, including the detection of biomarkers of the tumor and its microenvironment, as well as the need for their quantitative profiling and imaging of their mutual location, using advanced approaches to 3D detection in thick tissue sections. The existing approaches to 3D imaging of tumors and their microenvironment using fluorescent NCs are described, and the main comparative advantages and disadvantages of nontoxic fluorescent sdAb–NC conjugates as nanoprobes for multiplexed detection and 3D imaging of BC markers are discussed.

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Impact of St. Gallen surrogate classification for intrinsic breast cancer sub-types on disease features, recurrence, and survival in South Indian patients

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

A Clinicopathological Analysis of Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer using Immunohistochemical Surrogates: A 6-Year Institutional Experience from a Tertiary Cancer Center in North India

A Clinicopathological Analysis of Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer using Immunohistochemical Surrogates: A 6-Year Institutional Experience from a Tertiary Cancer Center in North India

Prognostic Significance of Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor and Its Association with Hormonal Receptors in Breast Carcinoma

Nontoxic Fluorescent Nanoprobes for Multiplexed Detection and 3D Imaging of Tumor Markers in Breast Cancer

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