Impact of shelter-in-place on TB case notifications and mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic

Kadota, Jillian L.; Reza, Tania F.; Nalugwa, Talemwa; Kityamuwesi, Alex; Nanyunja, G.; Kiwanuka, Noah; Shete, Priya B.; Davis, J. Lucian; Dowdy, David W.; Turyahabwe, Stavia; Katamba, Achilles; Cattamanchi, Adithya

doi:10.5588/ijtld.20.0626

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…18 In addition, some of the studies listed collected short-term data, 16 17 while others attempted to explore the effect of a specific public policy such as lockdowns on TB notification. 15 A model analysis supports our conclusions by assuming that TB incidence in 2020 maintains its modest fall from recent years and that COVID-19 pandemic does not have a substantial impact on TB trends in the short term. 19 The fall in TB notification rates seen does not necessarily indicate a decrease in incidence, but could indicate underdiagnoses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on TB prevention and care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective database study

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveThe current COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia could cause severe dysfunction in tuberculosis (TB) treatment, diagnostic services, and prevention and control efforts. In this study, we evaluated the effect of COVID-19 on TB service indicators in Addis Ababa, where more than two-thirds of the country’s COVID-19 morbidity was recorded.DesignWe performed a comparative retrospective study to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on TB services during the pre-COVID-19 era (from April 2019 to March 2020) and the COVID-19 era (from April 2020 to March 2021) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. We extracted data on total TB detection rate, TB treatment success rate, isoniazid prophylaxis therapy, and drug susceptibility tests and others from the health information system. Using Poisson regression, we estimated the incidence rate ratios and the absolute number difference of the indicators (number per quarter and year) in the COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 eras.ResultsCompared with the pre-COVID-19 era, the total TB detection, bacteriologically confirmed TB, TB treatment success rate, latent TB infection treatment and community health workers’ engagement in TB detection decreased, respectively, by 11%, 11.8%, 17%, 44.7% and 77.2% during the COVID-19 period. Rifampicin resistance increased by 27.7% during the same period. Comparative analysis showed a significant decline in these TB service indicators (p<0.001)ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on TB service indicators in Addis Ababa. This highlights the importance of reinforcing TB services, including adopting alternative digital health technology to screen for TB and integrating TB and COVID-19 services to mitigate COVID-19’s challenges to TB prevention and care.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on TB prevention and care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective database study

et al. 2022

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“…Studies in several high-tuberculosis burden countries in sub-Saharan Africa 14 – 16 and other parts of the world 17 , 18 also found an immediate detrimental impact of the pandemic and associated mitigation measures on tuberculosis diagnostic and treatment outcomes. The impact on national-level tuberculosis notifications in Zambia (22%) is slightly lower than what was reported from facilities in Nigeria (34%) 15 and Uganda (43%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrupted time-series analysis of active case-finding for tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic, Zambia

Lungu¹,

Kerkhoff²,

Muyoyeta³

et al. 2022

Bull World Health Organ

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“…However, these measures resulted in disruption of TB services, as well as restricting patients from seeking medical care, which have raised the public's concern, and this needs to be addressed (2,5,6). Substantial studies have reported the negative impacts of COVID-19 on TB control such as decline in TB detection, interruption in TB therapy, and decrease in TB treatment success 1 , but most of them were from a national level or based on modeling predictions without real data as input (2,(7)(8)(9). There is almost no study fully discussing the impact of COVID-19 on TB control programs in a specific province, even though these impacts may vary greatly depending on the severity of local COVID-19 epidemic (10,11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Pre-Treatment Delays, Detection, and Clinical Characteristics of Tuberculosis Patients in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China

Wang

Juan

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Background: To contain the pandemic of COVID-19, China has implemented a series of public health interventions that impacted the tuberculosis control substantially, but these impacts may vary greatly depending on the severity of the local COVID-19 epidemic. The impact of COVID-19 on TB control in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is little known.Methods: Based on the national TB Information Management System (TBIMS), this study accessed the actual impact of COVID-19 on TB by comparing TB notifications, pre-treatment delays, and clinical characteristics of TB cases between 2020 COVID-19 period and 2017–2019 baseline. The data were divided into three periods based on the response started to fight against COVID-19 in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, including the control period (10 weeks before the pandemic), intensive period (10 weeks during the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region lockdown), and regular (10 additional weeks after Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region reopen).Results: TB notification dropped sharply in the first week of the intensive period but took significantly longer to return to the previous level in 2020 compared with the 2017–2019 baseline. Totally, the TB notification rates decreased by more than 60% in the intensive period of COVID-19 compared with the average level of 2017–2019. The sputum smear-positive rate of TB patients diagnosed in intensive period of COVID-19 was significantly higher than that in the corresponding periods of 2017–2019 (P < 0.001). The rate of cavity on X-ray inspection of TB cases diagnosed in the intensive period of COVID-19 was significantly higher than that in period 2 of 2017–2019 (23.5 vs. 15.4%, P = 0.004). The patients' delay in the intensive period was significantly longer than that before the pandemic (P = 0.047).Conclusions: The TB notification in Ningxia was impacted dramatically by the pandemic of COVID-19. To compensate for the large numbers of missed diagnosis as well as delayed diagnosis during the intensive period of COVID-19, an urgent restoration of normal TB services, and further emphasis on enhanced active case finding and scale-up of household contact tracing and screening for TB-related symptoms or manifestation, will be essential.

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Impact of shelter-in-place on TB case notifications and mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 28 publications

References 7 publications

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on TB prevention and care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective database study

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on TB prevention and care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective database study

Interrupted time-series analysis of active case-finding for tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic, Zambia

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Pre-Treatment Delays, Detection, and Clinical Characteristics of Tuberculosis Patients in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China

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