Impact of seasonal variations on Nannochloropsis oculata phototrophic productivity in an outdoor pilot scale raceway

Optimizing resource recovery from wastewater with algae-bacteria membrane reactors

“…However, membrane biofouling due to heavy suspended solids load, the small size of microalgae and their poor sedimentation properties, combined with bacteria and exopolymeric substances can lead to a progressive decline in the permeate flux and an increase in the energy demand for operating the process, thus limiting long term operations [41], [42]. Most of the membrane designs were developed for wastewater treatment [43], [44], with very different objectives, such as removal of pollutants and recovery of clean permeate vs recovery of valuable algal biomass [42], [45]. The traditional fouling control techniques could be inefficient when targeting a by-product recovery [45] and new directions have emerged in recent years, while algal production was coupled to wastewater treatment [46].…”