Impact of Sea‐Level Rise on Sea Water Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers

Werner, Adrian D.; Simmons, Craig T.

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00535.x

Cited by 476 publications

(294 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This result is consistent with Werner and Simmons (2009); however, the sensitivity analysis indicated that in the Hanko area, even with a sea level rise of up to 50 %, which is close to the maximum level of sea level rise under the A1B (2071-2100, highly regionalised) scenario, the groundwater level of wells along the coastline would only increase by 0.48 m, and the vulnerability index would increase by less than 1 % in SINTACS and the AVI and less than 2 % in GALDIT.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysissupporting

confidence: 82%

Comparison of the AVI, modified SINTACS and GALDIT vulnerability methods under future climate-change scenarios for a shallow low-lying coastal aquifer in southern Finland

2016

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A shallow unconfined low-lying coastal aquifer in southern Finland surrounded by the Baltic Sea is vulnerable to changes in groundwater recharge, sea-level rise and human activities. Assessment of the intrinsic vulnerability of groundwater under climate scenarios was performed for the aquifer area by utilising the results of a published study on the impacts of climate change on groundwater recharge and sea-level rise on groundwater-seawater interaction. Three intrinsic vulnerability mapping methods, the aquifer vulnerability index (AVI), a modified SINTACS and GALDIT, were applied and compared. According to the results, the degree of groundwater vulnerability is greatly impacted by seasonal variations in groundwater recharge during the year, and also varies depending on the climate-change variability in the long term. The groundwater is potentially highly vulnerable to contamination from sources on the ground surface during high groundwater recharge rates after snowmelt, while a high vulnerability to seawater intrusion could exist when there is a low groundwater recharge rate in dry season. The AVI results suggest that a change in the sea level will have an insignificant impact on groundwater vulnerability compared with the results from the modified SINTACS and GALDIT. The modified SINTACS method could be used as a guideline for the groundwater vulnerability assessment of glacial and deglacial deposits in inland aquifers, and in combination with GALDIT, it could provide a useful tool for assessing groundwater vulnerability to both contamination from sources on the ground surface and to seawater intrusion for shallow unconfined low-lying coastal aquifers under future climate-change conditions.

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Section: Sensitivity Analysissupporting

confidence: 82%

Comparison of the AVI, modified SINTACS and GALDIT vulnerability methods under future climate-change scenarios for a shallow low-lying coastal aquifer in southern Finland

2016

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“…The effects of SLR on seawater intrusion vary depending on the hydrological and geological characteristics of a CUA. A key factor is whether a CUA can be classified as a flux-controlled system, where FSGD to the sea is constant, or a head-controlled system where the inland watertable head is constant despite SLR [Werner and Simmons, 2009;Michael et al, 2013;Ketabchi et al, 2016]. Head-controlled systems are more vulnerable to SLR [Werner and Simmons, 2009].…”

Section: Evaporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater dynamics in subterranean estuaries of coastal unconfined aquifers: Controls on submarine groundwater discharge and chemical inputs to the ocean

Robinson¹,

Xin²,

Santos³

et al. 2018

Advances in Water Resources

199

141

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Sustainable coastal resource management requires sound understanding of interactions between coastal unconfined aquifers and the ocean as these interactions influence the flux of chemicals to the coastal ocean and the availability of fresh groundwater resources. The importance of submarine groundwater discharge in delivering chemical fluxes to the coastal ocean and the critical role of the subterranean estuary (STE) in regulating these fluxes is well recognized. STEs are complex and dynamic systems exposed to various physical, hydrological, geological, and chemical conditions that act on disparate spatial and temporal scales. This paper provides a review of the effect of factors that influence flow and salt transport in STEs, evaluates current understanding on the interactions between these influences, and synthesizes understanding of drivers of nutrient, carbon, greenhouse gas, metal and organic contaminant fluxes to the ocean.Based on this review, key research needs are identified. While the effects of density and tides are well understood, episodic and longer-period forces as well as the interactions between multiple influences remain poorly understood. Many studies continue to focus on idealized nearshore aquifer systems and future work needs to consider real world complexities such as geological heterogeneities, and non-uniform and evolving alongshore and cross-shore morphology. There is also a significant need for multidisciplinary research to unravel the interactions between physical and biogeochemical processes in the STE, as most existing studies treat these processes in isolation. Better understanding of this complex and dynamic system can improve sustainable management of coastal water resources under the influence of anthropogenic pressures and climate change.

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“…Seawater intrusion creates a protruding hydrological problem in several coastal areas of the world (Werner and Simmons 2008). This phenomenon occurs when the natural balance between fresh and sea water is troubled, which results in deterioration of fresh water resources (Xue et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling saline water intrusion in Nagapattinam coastal aquifers, Tamilnadu, India

Gopinath

Srinivasamoorthy

Saravanan

et al. 2015

Model. Earth Syst. Environ.

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Unexpected mistreatment of groundwater from coastal aquifers may possibly cause salt water intrusion in coastal aquifers. Coastal areas are mostly overpopulated with productive agricultural lands and expanded irrigated farming actions. Field and modeling studies were started to consider the special effects of possible seawater intrusion into the coastal aquifers. Groundwater levels were measured at 61 locations in Nagapattinam and Karaikal coastal region, identified flow direction pointing toward the coast with no major change in groundwater table. Groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for major ionic parameters, represented higher concentration of conductivity, total dissolved solids, sodium and chloride along the coastal parts of the study area. A computer package for the simulation of dimensional variable density groundwater flow, SEAWAT, has been used to model the seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifers of the study area. The model was stimulated to predict the amount of seawater incursion in the study area for a period of 50 years. The simulation results signify saline water intrusion mainly due to up coning of saline water owing to over drafting of groundwater.

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Impact of Sea‐Level Rise on Sea Water Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers

Cited by 476 publications

References 12 publications

Comparison of the AVI, modified SINTACS and GALDIT vulnerability methods under future climate-change scenarios for a shallow low-lying coastal aquifer in southern Finland

Comparison of the AVI, modified SINTACS and GALDIT vulnerability methods under future climate-change scenarios for a shallow low-lying coastal aquifer in southern Finland

Groundwater dynamics in subterranean estuaries of coastal unconfined aquifers: Controls on submarine groundwater discharge and chemical inputs to the ocean

Modeling saline water intrusion in Nagapattinam coastal aquifers, Tamilnadu, India

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